Biochemical defence responses of resistant and susceptible rice genotypes against blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae

Biochemical defence responses of resistant and susceptible rice genotypes against blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae

Rice blast is the leading fungal disease which is caused by Magnaporthe oryzae that contributes for the significant decline in the rice yield throughout the globe. There is a need for the understanding of biochemical changes in rice plant during blast infection for the development of novel disease c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archiv für Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschutz Vol. 51; no. 15-16; pp. 852 - 878
Main Authors: Chandrakanth, Raviswamy, Murthy, K. Narasimha, Devaki, N. S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Abingdon Taylor & Francis 02-10-2018
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects:
Ammonia
Biochemical markers
Biochemistry
blast resistance
Breeding
Chitinase
Crop yield
Cultivars
defence enzymes
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Disease control
DNA
Enzymes
Fungal diseases
Fungi
Genotypes
Glucosidase
Inoculation
Lipoxygenase
Magnaporthe oryzae
Oryza
Oryza sativa
Pathogens
Peroxidase
Phenylalanine
Polyphenol oxidase
Proteins
Rice
Rice blast
rice cultivars
Rice fields
Virulence
β-Glucosidase
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Summary:Rice blast is the leading fungal disease which is caused by Magnaporthe oryzae that contributes for the significant decline in the rice yield throughout the globe. There is a need for the understanding of biochemical changes in rice plant during blast infection for the development of novel disease control strategies. In the present study, we isolated M. oryzae from the local paddy fields and the fungal isolates (VCF and PON) were identified by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples. Further, we inoculated resistant (BR2655 and TUNGA) and susceptible (INTAN and HR12) rice cultivars with PON and VCF isolates. PON isolate showed relatively high virulence compared to VCF and standard MTCC fungal strains. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of PON on the total protein content and plant defence-related key enzymes (peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, β-glucosidase, chitinase and lipoxygenase) activities between 24- and 120-hour post-inoculation (hpi). The results demonstrated the decrease in total protein content in all the inoculated cultivars. In addition, we observed the variation in the activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, β-glucosidase, chitinase and lipoxygenase at different time points in all the tested rice plants compared to respective controls. However, no significant difference was observed in the phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity relative to its control. Taken together, this study emphasizes on the variation in the activities of plant defence enzymes in different plant cultivars against the tested fungal pathogen and also implementation of defence enzymes as biochemical markers for resistant breeding.
ISSN:0323-5408
1477-2906
DOI:10.1080/03235408.2018.1527745