Association of Maternal and Paternal Astigmatism With Child Astigmatism in the Hong Kong Children Eye Study

Parental astigmatism is a factor associated with risk for development of child astigmatism; however, the magnitude of the association has not been determined. To determine the association between parental and child astigmatism. This population-based, cross-sectional study included participants from...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	JAMA network open Vol. 5; no. 12; p. e2247795
Main Authors:	Kam, Ka Wai, Chee, Arnold S H, Zhang, Yuzhou, Tang, Rex C Y, Chan, Jason T C, Zhang, Xiu Juan, Wang, Yu Meng, Chan, Ryan C F, Chu, Wai Kit, Ip, Patrick, Young, Alvin L, Tham, Clement C, Pang, Chi Pui, Chen, Li Jia, Yam, Jason C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States American Medical Association 01-12-2022
Subjects:	Astigmatism Astigmatism - epidemiology Child Children & youth Cross-Sectional Studies Eye examinations Female Hong Kong - epidemiology Humans Male Parents & parenting Refraction, Ocular Vision Tests Hong Kong Hong Kong China
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Summary:	Parental astigmatism is a factor associated with risk for development of child astigmatism; however, the magnitude of the association has not been determined. To determine the association between parental and child astigmatism. This population-based, cross-sectional study included participants from familial trios, each comprising a child aged 6 to 8 years and both parents, recruited from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study. No restriction criteria were set on the children in terms of refractive status. Data were analyzed from February to June 2022. Cycloplegic autorefraction and autokeratometry were conducted on the children, whereas noncycloplegic autorefraction and autokeratometry were conducted on their parents. The children were categorized into 6 groups on the basis of the severity of astigmatism of both parents. Information on parental education, family income, and children's outdoor and near work time were obtained by questionnaires. The primary outcome was the odds of child astigmatism among the 6 categories of children. Associations of factors with child astigmatism were evaluated by logistic regression analyses. A total of 17 124 participants from 5708 trios (2964 boys and 2754 girls) at a mean (SD) age of 7.32 (0.87) years, and 11 416 parents were examined. Astigmatism of 1.0 D or greater in both parents was associated with greater odds of refractive astigmatism (RA) (odds ratio [OR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.15-2.26) and corneal astigmatism (CA) (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.50-2.50) in the child. The respective ORs increased to 3.10 (95% CI, 1.34-7.21) and 4.31 (95% CI, 1.76-10.55) when both parents had astigmatism 2.0 D or greater. Higher parental astigmatism conferred higher risks for both RA and CA in children (P for trend <.001). Parental astigmatism was significantly associated with greater odds of corresponding child astigmatism (maternal RA: OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.68-0.84; paternal RA: OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74-0.91; maternal CA: OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.51-1.93; paternal CA: OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.19-1.49). The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that parental astigmatism may confer an independent and dose-dependent association with child astigmatism. Children with parents with astigmatism should have early eye examinations for timely detection of astigmatism to facilitate age-appropriate vision correction and visual development.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2574-3805 2574-3805
DOI:	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47795