Sex distinctions regarding serum zinc levels in critically ill COVID-19 patients

Men and women exhibit different presentations in COVID-19. In X chromosome, changes in zinc finger domains cause disorders of sex development. So, we aimed to evaluate sex distinctions regarding serum zinc in severe COVID-19. Data from electronic records of severe COVID-19 patients were correlated w...

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Published in:	Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology Vol. 79; p. 127262
Main Authors:	Pereira, Cristina Gama Matos, Nunes, Marco Antônio Prado, Lessa, Arthur Leite, Cerqueira, Lara Carvalho, Veloso, Octavio Morais, Delpino, Felipe Mendes, Ferreira, Andrêa, de Góis, Fernanda Noronha, Costa, Patrícia Santos Rodrigues, Santos, Heitor Oliveira
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Germany Elsevier GmbH 01-09-2023
Subjects:	Artificial respiration COVID-19 Hypertension Lymphopenia Sex characteristics Zinc COVID-19 Hypertension Lymphopenia Sex characteristics Zinc Artificial respiration
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Summary:	Men and women exhibit different presentations in COVID-19. In X chromosome, changes in zinc finger domains cause disorders of sex development. So, we aimed to evaluate sex distinctions regarding serum zinc in severe COVID-19. Data from electronic records of severe COVID-19 patients were correlated with serum zinc. Logistic regression investigated predictors and protectors of hypozincemia in men and women. We assessed 188 medical records (men = 114, women = 74). In men, low zinc was correlated with hypertension (cc = 0.303, p < 0.001), diabetes (cc = 0.198, p = 0.031), hemoglobin (cc = −0.258, p = 0.005), and albumin (cc = −0.219, p = 0.027). Low lymphocyte count (cc = 0.315, p = 0.005), C-reactive protein (cc = −0.248, p = 0.037), and enteral nutrition (cc = 0.269, p = 0.016) were correlated with hypozincemia in women. Age correlated with low zinc in men (c = −0.304, p = 0.001) and women (cc = −0.298, p = 0.010). In men, hypertension (OR = 4.905, p = 0.005) and lymphopenia (OR = −0.999, p = 0.019) were low zinc predictors, while lung injury > 50% was a protective factor (OR = −0.280, p = 0.025). Lymphopenia (OR = −0.999, p = 0.005) and difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV) (OR = 4.359, p = 0.036) were predictors of hypozincemia in women. Difficult weaning from MV (OR = 3.012, p = 0.003) and age (OR = 1.038, p = 0.002) were hypozincemia predictors regardless sex. Hypertension, diabetes, hemoglobin and albumin were correlated with low zinc in men. Lymphopenia, reactive-C protein and enteral nutrition were correlated with low zinc in women. In men, hypertension and low lymphocytes were predictors of hypozincemia. Lymphopenia and difficult weaning from MV were predictors of low zinc in women. [Display omitted] •Hypertensive men were 5 times more likely to have low zinc.•Men with lung injury > 50% by CT had the chance of low zinc decreased by 72%.•For one counted lymphocyte, the chance of low zinc decreased by 0.1% in women and men.•Women with difficult in weaning from ventilator were 4 times more likely to have low zinc.•There were sex differences relative to zinc levels in severe COVID-19 patients.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	0946-672X 1878-3252
DOI:	10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127262