Anabolic steroid excess promotes hydroelectrolytic and autonomic imbalance in adult male rats: Is it enough to alter blood pressure?

•AS excess elicited kidney hypertrophy and increased renal AT1R mRNA levels.•AS excess increased Na+/water retention, K+ excretion, and plasma osmolarity.•Water and NaCl intake were distinctly altered by AS excess.•AS-induced autonomic imbalance was attenuated by icv losartan. The present study inve...

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Published in:	Steroids Vol. 163; p. 108711
Main Authors:	Seara, Fernando A.C., Pereira-Junior, Pedro P., Silva-Almeida, Claudio, Dos-Santos, Raoni C., Souza, Raquel N., Costa, César R.M., Domingos, Ainá E., Barbosa, Raiana A.Q., Ferraz, Ana P., Machado, André A.N., Ceccato, Vânia M., Takiya, Christina M., Ponte, Cristiano G., Reis, Luis C., Olivares, Emerson L., Nascimento, Jose H.M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier Inc 01-11-2020
Subjects:	Anabolic steroids Angiotensin II Autonomic imbalance Blood pressure Hydroelectrolytic imbalance Vascular reactivity Anabolic steroids Blood pressure Hydroelectrolytic imbalance Vascular reactivity Angiotensin II Autonomic imbalance
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Summary:	•AS excess elicited kidney hypertrophy and increased renal AT1R mRNA levels.•AS excess increased Na+/water retention, K+ excretion, and plasma osmolarity.•Water and NaCl intake were distinctly altered by AS excess.•AS-induced autonomic imbalance was attenuated by icv losartan. The present study investigated the effects of anabolic steroid (AS) excess on blood pressure regulation. Male Wistar rats were treated with nandrolone decanoate (AS) or vehicle (CTL) for 8 or 10 weeks. Saline (1.8%) and water intake were measured in metabolic cages. Urinary volume, osmolarity, Na+ and K+ concentrations, and plasma osmolarity were measured. The autonomic balance was estimated by heart rate variability at baseline or after icv injection of losartan. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and ex vivo recordings. Myocardial collagen deposition was evaluated by Picrosirius-Red staining. Vascular reactivity and wall thickness were investigated in aortic sections. Blood pressure (BP) was assessed by tail-cuff plethysmography. Angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), renin, and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mRNA expression was measured in the kidneys and whole hypothalamus. AS group exhibited decreased urinary volume and Na+ concentration, while urinary K+ concentration, plasma osmolarity, and renal AT1R and renin mRNA levels were increased compared to CTL (p < 0.05). Water intake was increased, and saline intake was decreased in the AS group (p < 0.01). AS group exhibited increased low-frequency/high-frequency-ratio, while it was decreased by icv injection of losartan (p < 0.05) compared to baseline. Neither cardiac function nor vascular reactivity/morphology was affected by AS excess (p > 0.05). Ultimately, BP levels were not altered by AS excess (p > 0.05). AS excess promoted hydroelectrolytic and autonomic imbalance but did not alter vascular or cardiac function/morphology.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0039-128X 1878-5867
DOI:	10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108711