Implications of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist on Thyroid Function: A Literature Review of Its Effects on Thyroid Volume, Risk of Cancer, Functionality and TSH Levels

The increasing utilization of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus has raised interest regarding their impact on thyroid function. In fact, while these agents are well known for their efficacy in glycemic control and weight management, their asso...

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Published in:	Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 14; no. 6; p. 687
Main Authors:	Capuccio, Stefania, Scilletta, Sabrina, La Rocca, Francesca, Miano, Nicoletta, Di Marco, Maurizio, Bosco, Giosiana, Di Giacomo Barbagallo, Francesco, Scicali, Roberto, Piro, Salvatore, Di Pino, Antonino
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 01-06-2024 MDPI
Subjects:	Agonists Body weight diabetes Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism Diabetes therapy Diabetics GLP-1 receptor agonists Glucagon Glucagon-like peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor - agonists Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor - metabolism Hormones Humans hyperthyroidism Hypoglycemic agents Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use hypothyroidism Insulin resistance Investigations Kinases Literature reviews Metabolic pathways Neoplasms - drug therapy Neoplasms - metabolism Neoplasms - pathology Obesity Patient compliance Radiation, Background Review Risk factors Thyroid cancer Thyroid diseases Thyroid gland Thyroid Gland - drug effects Thyroid Gland - metabolism Thyroid Gland - pathology Thyroid hormones Thyroid Neoplasms - drug therapy Thyroid Neoplasms - metabolism Thyroid Neoplasms - pathology Thyroid-stimulating hormone Thyrotropin - metabolism TSH Type 2 diabetes TSH thyroid cancer hyperthyroidism GLP-1 receptor agonists hypothyroidism diabetes
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Summary:	The increasing utilization of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus has raised interest regarding their impact on thyroid function. In fact, while these agents are well known for their efficacy in glycemic control and weight management, their association with thyroid disorders requires clarification due to the complex interplay between thyroid hormones and metabolic pathways. Thyroid dysfunction commonly co-occurs with metabolic conditions such as diabetes and obesity, suggesting a profound interconnection between these systems. This review aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the interaction between GLP-1 RAs and thyroid dysfunction and to clarify the safety of GLP-1 RAs in diabetic patients with thyroid disorders. By synthesizing existing evidence, this review highlights that, despite various studies exploring this topic, current evidence is inconclusive, with conflicting results. It is important to note that these drugs are relatively recent, and longer-term studies with larger sample sizes are likely needed to draw clearer conclusions. Currently, no existing guidelines provide definitive directions on this clinical issue; however, it is advisable to include thyroid function tests in the routine screening of diabetic patients, particularly those treated with GLP-1 Ras, with the goal of optimizing patient care and management.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	2218-273X 2218-273X
DOI:	10.3390/biom14060687