Smoking among hospitalized patients: A multi-hospital cross-sectional study of a widely neglected problem

Smoking among hospitalized patients: A multi-hospital cross-sectional study of a widely neglected problem

A comprehensive smoking ban was recently enacted for acute-care hospital campuses in Spain. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and patterns of smoking among inpatients before and during hospitalization. Multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 hospitals in the province...

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Published in:Tobacco induced diseases Vol. 16; no. July; p. 34
Main Authors: Martínez, Cristina, Fu, Marcela, Castellano, Yolanda, Riccobene, Anna, Fernández, Paz, Cabrera, Sandra, Gavilan, Eva, Feliu, Ariadna, Puig-Llobet, Montse, Fuster, Pilar, Martínez-Sánchez, Jose María, Montes, Javier, Estrada, Joan Maria, Moreno, Carmen, Falcó-Pegueroles, Anna, Galimany, Jordi, Brando, Cecilia, Suñer-Soler, Rosa, Capsada, Anna, Fernández, Esteve
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Greece European Publishing 01-07-2018
European Publishing on behalf of the International Society for the Prevention of Tobacco Induced Diseases (ISPTID)
Subjects:
Carbon monoxide
Cigarette smoking
Cigarettes
Confidence intervals
Cross-sectional studies
Drug addiction
Drug dependence
Epidemiology
health services
Hospitalization
Hospitals
Informed consent
Nicotine
No-smoking policies
Patients
policy
Questionnaires
Research Paper
Service areas
Smoke
Smoking
Smoking cessation
Statistical analysis
Tobacco
Spain
epidemiology
tobacco
health services
smoking
policy
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Summary:A comprehensive smoking ban was recently enacted for acute-care hospital campuses in Spain. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and patterns of smoking among inpatients before and during hospitalization. Multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 hospitals in the province of Barcelona, Spain from May 2014 to May 2015. Participants were adults who provided informed consent. The sample size was calculated to be representative of each hospital (prevalence 29.4%, precision ± 5%, error 5%). We approached 1228 subjects, 888 accepted to participate and 170 were replaced (were not available or declined to participate). Final sample comprised 1047 subjects. We used a computer-assisted personal interview system to collect data, including sociodemographic variables and use of tobacco before and during hospitalization. Smoking status was validated with exhaled carbon monoxide. We calculated overall tobacco prevalence and investigated associations with participant and center characteristics. We performed multiple polytomous and multilevel logistic regression analyses to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with adjustments for potential confounders. In all, 20.5% (95% CI: 18.1-23.0) of hospitalized patients were smokers. Smoking was most common among men (aOR=7.47; 95% CI: 4.88-11.43), young age groups (18-64 years), and individuals with primary or less than primary education (aOR=2.76; 95% CI: 1.44-5.28). Of the smokers, 97.2% were daily consumers of whom 44.9% had medium nicotine dependence. Of all smokers, three-quarters expressed a wish to quit, and one-quarter admitted to consuming tobacco during hospitalization. Our findings indicate the need to offer smoking cessation interventions among hospitalized patients in all units and service areas, to avoid infringements and increase patient safety, hospital efficiency, and improve clinical outcomes. Hospitalization represents a promising window for initiating smoking interventions addressed to all patients admitted to smoke-free hospitals, specially after applying a smoke-free campus ban.
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ISSN:1617-9625
2070-7266
1617-9625
DOI:10.18332/tid/92927