Can SARS-CoV-2 induce hematologic malignancies in predisposed individuals? A case series and review of the literature

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may present with extrapulmonary manifestations, including hematologic changes. Previous studies suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) can interact with the renin-angiotensin system, ultimately causing increased production of ang...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy Vol. 44; no. 1; pp. 26 - 31
Main Authors:	Costa, Bruno Almeida, da Luz, Kaiza Vilarinho, Campos, Sarah Emanuelle Viana, Lopes, Germison Silva, Leitão, João Paulo de Vasconcelos, Duarte, Fernando Barroso
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Brazil Sociedade Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia 01-01-2022 Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular (ABHH) Elsevier
Subjects:	Acute leukemia COVID-19 Hematologic malignancy MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Original Renin-angiotensin system SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Acute leukemia SARS-CoV-2 Hematologic malignancy Renin-angiotensin system
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Summary:	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may present with extrapulmonary manifestations, including hematologic changes. Previous studies suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) can interact with the renin-angiotensin system, ultimately causing increased production of angiotensin II. By reporting the cases of previously healthy young adults diagnosed with a hematologic malignancy after experiencing COVID-19, we raise the hypothesis that the SARS-Cov-2 infection could act as a trigger for leukemogenesis in predisposed individuals. This was a case series performed through extraction of relevant clinical information from the medical records of three patients admitted to our Hematology unit between August 2020 and September 2020. Considering the relatively rapid development of cytopenias following recovery from COVID-19, it cannot be ruled out that SARS-Cov-2 played a role in leukemogenesis in those patients. Based on previous studies, the renin-angiotensin system imbalance induced by SARS-CoV-2 could potentially promote leukemogenesis through several mechanisms. Despite the advances in pathophysiological and clinical characterization of COVID-19, the consequences of the pandemic to the incidence of hematologic diseases are still to be elucidated. In this context, future dissection of the status of the local bone marrow renin-angiotensin system in leukemogenesis is a clinically relevant basic research area.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2531-1379 2531-1387 2531-1387
DOI:	10.1016/j.htct.2021.11.015