Risk of violence from a current or former partner: Associated factors and classification in a nationwide study in Colombia

Intimate partner violence (IPV) includes assaults that risk a woman's bodily integrity. Intimate partners commit IPV, people with whom the victim shares (or shared) a close personal or sexual relationship. This phenomenon has a great global and national impact. Thus, it is necessary to establis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PloS one Vol. 17; no. 12; p. e0279444
Main Authors:	Camargo Freile, Isaac Esteban, Flórez Lozano, Karen Cecilia, Sarmiento Crespo, Carlos Alberto, Vecchio Camargo, Carolina Mercedes, Rodríguez Acosta, Sandra Milena, Florez-Garcia, Victor, Navarro Lechuga, Edgar
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 22-12-2022
Subjects:	Abused women Age Aggression Analysis Bayes Theorem Bayesian analysis Colombia - epidemiology Crime Criminal statistics Decisions Demography Departments Domestic violence Education Educational attainment Employment Empowerment Factor analysis Family violence Female Forensic science Forensic sciences Gender-based violence Health aspects Health risks Households Humans Intimate Partner Violence Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Migration Murders & murder attempts Participation People and places Personal health Physical education Prevention Psychological aspects Public health Risk Risk Factors Security systems Sexual Behavior Sexual intercourse Sexual Partners Social aspects Social Sciences Social security Sociodemographics Socioeconomic factors Statistics Victims Violence Women Women's rights Colombia
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Summary:	Intimate partner violence (IPV) includes assaults that risk a woman's bodily integrity. Intimate partners commit IPV, people with whom the victim shares (or shared) a close personal or sexual relationship. This phenomenon has a great global and national impact. Thus, it is necessary to establish trends of the risk of physical violence to women by their current or former partner in each department of Colombia and its relationship with sociodemographic and health characteristics. This study uses an ecological approach at the departmental level, with victims of intimate partner violence treated at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLyCF). Potential factors were identified through Bayesian factor analysis and were included in the model to estimate risk. The findings show that the Casanare department had the highest risk of producing victims (SMR: 2.545). In departments where the educational level of women is at or below primary school, there is a high-risk β = 0.343 (0.285, 0.397) of them being assaulted. For the departments in which the employment of women is in sales and services or office workers, the associated factor presents a higher risk β = 0.361 (0.201, 0.485), as in the risk related to affiliation with the social security system β = 0.338 (0.246, 0.498), as well as sexual and reproductive life β = 0.143 (0.003, 0.322). The following categories were associated with physical gender violence: no education and low participation in making purchases at home β = 0.106 (0.049, 0.199), low participation in decisions about their health, and visits to family and friends β = 0.240 (0.170, 0.299). Therefore, public health programs should strengthen women's empowerment in household decisions and increase their educational level to reduce this incidence.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. These authors also contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0279444