Risk Factors for Hen's Egg Allergy in Europe: EuroPrevall Birth Cohort

Risk Factors for Hen's Egg Allergy in Europe: EuroPrevall Birth Cohort

Hen's egg is one of the commonest causes of food allergy, but there are little data on its risk factors. To assess the risk factors, particularly eczema, for hen's egg allergy in the EuroPrevall birth cohort. In the pan-European EuroPrevall birth cohort, questionnaires were undertaken at 1...

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Published in:The journal of allergy and clinical immunology in practice (Cambridge, MA) Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 1341 - 1348.e5
Main Authors: Grimshaw, Kate E.C., Roberts, Graham, Selby, Anna, Reich, Andreas, Butiene, Indra, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fiandor, Ana, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Grabenhenrich, Linus B., Larco, Jose Ignacio, Kowalski, Marek L., Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Rosenfeld, Leonard, Sigurdardottir, Sigurveig Th, Sprikkelman, Aline B., Schoemaker, Ana A., Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Mills, E.N. Clare, Keil, Thomas, Beyer, Kirsten
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-04-2020
Elsevier Limited
Subjects:
Age
Anaphylaxis
Animals
Antibiotics
Asthma
Atopic dermatitis
Babies
Cesarean section
Chickens
Child, Preschool
Children & youth
Eczema
Egg Hypersensitivity - diagnosis
Egg Hypersensitivity - epidemiology
Eggs
Europe - epidemiology
Families & family life
Family medical history
Female
Food allergies
Food allergy
Food Hypersensitivity
Hen's egg
Humans
Immunoglobulin E
Infant
Infants
Infections
Nutrition research
Parents & parenting
Prevention
Rhinitis
Risk Factors
Skin tests
Statistical analysis
Europe
United Kingdom > UK
Prevention
Food allergy
SCORAD
OR
SPT
Hen's egg
Eczema
Infants
HEAP
Risk factors
DBPCFC
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Summary:Hen's egg is one of the commonest causes of food allergy, but there are little data on its risk factors. To assess the risk factors, particularly eczema, for hen's egg allergy in the EuroPrevall birth cohort. In the pan-European EuroPrevall birth cohort, questionnaires were undertaken at 12 and 24 months or when parents reported symptoms. Children with suspected egg allergy were invited for skin prick testing, specific IgE assessment, and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) as indicated. Each egg allergy case (positive DBPCFC or egg-induced anaphylaxis) was allocated up to 2 age- and country-matched controls. A total of 12,049 infants were recruited into the EuroPrevall birth cohort, and 9,336 (77.5%) were followed until 2 years. A total of 86 infants had egg allergy (84 by DBPCFC) and were matched with 140 controls. Independently associated with egg allergy were past/current eczema (adjusted odds ratio, 9.21; 95% CI, 2.65-32.04), Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (1.54 per 5 units; 1.28-1.86), antibiotics in the first week of life (6.17; 1.42-26.89), and current rhinitis (3.02; 1.04-8.78). Increasing eczema severity was associated with an increasing likelihood of egg allergy. Eczema was reported to have started 3.6 (SE, 0.5) months before egg allergy. Age of introduction of egg into the diet was not associated with egg allergy. Similar to peanut allergy, eczema was strongly associated with egg allergy development and the association increased with increasing eczema severity. The age of introduction of dietary egg was not a risk factor. The potential role of antibiotics in early life as a risk factor for egg allergy needs further examination.
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ISSN:2213-2198
2213-2201
DOI:10.1016/j.jaip.2019.11.040