Impact of Epidemic Influenza A-Like Acute Respiratory Illness in a Remote Jungle Highland Population in Irian Jaya, Indonesia

A suspected epidemic of unknown etiology was investigated in April/May 1996 in the remote jungle highlands of easternmost Indonesia. Trend analysis demonstrates the area-wide occurrence of a major respiratory infection outbreak in November 1995 through February 1996. The monthly mean rate of respira...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Clinical infectious diseases Vol. 26; no. 4; pp. 880 - 888
Main Authors:	Corwin, A. L., Simanjuntak, C. H., Ingkokusumo, G., Sukri, N., Larasati, R. P., Subianto, B., Muslim, H. Z., Burni, E., Laras, K., Putri, M. P., Hayes, C., Cox, N.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01-04-1998 University of Chicago Press
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult Biological and medical sciences Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool Clinical Articles Death Disease outbreaks Diseases Epidemics Epidemiology Highlands Human viral diseases Humans Indonesia - epidemiology Infant Infectious diseases Influenza A virus Influenza A virus - isolation & purification Influenza, Human - epidemiology Influenza, Human - virology Medical sciences Middle Aged Mortality Respiratory diseases Respiratory tract infections Retrospective Studies Rural Population Tropical medicine Viral diseases Viral diseases of the respiratory system and ent viral diseases Asia Indonesia Irian Jaya Infection Virus Epidemic Human Influenzavirus A Geographic distribution Influenza A virus Respiratory disease Viral disease Acute Orthomyxoviridae Influenza A
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Summary:	A suspected epidemic of unknown etiology was investigated in April/May 1996 in the remote jungle highlands of easternmost Indonesia. Trend analysis demonstrates the area-wide occurrence of a major respiratory infection outbreak in November 1995 through February 1996. The monthly mean rate of respiratory infection episodes for the peak outbreak months (2,477 episodes/100,000 persons) was significantly higher (P < .0001) than for the 34 months leading up to the outbreak (109 episodes/100,000 persons). Notable were the high attack rates, particularly among adults: 202 episodes/1,000 persons aged 20–50 years in one community. Excess morbidity attributed to the outbreak was an estimated 4,338 episodes. The overall case-fatality rate was 15.1% of outbreak cases. Laboratory evidence confirmed the circulation of influenza A/Taiwan/1/86—like viruses in the study population, and high hemagglutination inhibition titer responses were indicative of recent infections. Historical documents from neighboring Papua New Guinea highlight the role of influenza A virus in repeated area outbreaks.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/HXZ-HB31S76V-V Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Andrew L. Corwin, NAMRU-2, Box 3, Unit 8132, APO AP 96520-8132. istex:58D12F427221DBA89E45708D799E06FEF7ECA271 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	1058-4838 1537-6591
DOI:	10.1086/513917