Modelling of inoculation of metallic melts: application to grain refinement of aluminium by Al–Ti–B

Modelling of inoculation of metallic melts: application to grain refinement of aluminium by Al–Ti–B

A numerical model is presented for the prediction of grain size in inoculated castings and is tested against measured grain sizes obtained in standard grain-refiner tests on aluminium alloys. It is shown that for potent nucleants, such as commercial grain refiners for aluminium, the nucleation stage...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta materialia Vol. 48; no. 11; pp. 2823 - 2835
Main Authors: Greer, A.L, Bunn, A.M, Tronche, A, Evans, P.V, Bristow, D.J
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 30-06-2000
Elsevier Science
Subjects:
Aluminium alloys
Applied sciences
Casting
Exact sciences and technology
Grain refinement
Kinetics
Metals. Metallurgy
Nucleation
Production of alloys
Production of metals
Production of non ferrous metals. Process materials
Casting
Nucleation
Kinetics
Aluminium alloys
Grain refinement
Grain size
Titanium alloy
Aluminium base alloys
Ternary alloy
Liquid alloy
Experimental study
Modeling
Boron alloys
Group IIIA metal
Inoculation
Grain refining
Mathematical model
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Summary:A numerical model is presented for the prediction of grain size in inoculated castings and is tested against measured grain sizes obtained in standard grain-refiner tests on aluminium alloys. It is shown that for potent nucleants, such as commercial grain refiners for aluminium, the nucleation stage itself is not the controlling factor. The number of grains is determined by a free-growth condition in which a grain grows from a refiner particle at an undercooling inversely proportional to the particle diameter. With measured particle size distributions as input, the model makes quantitatively correct predictions for grain size and its variation with refiner addition level, cooling rate and melt composition. The model can assist in optimizing the use of existing refiners and in developing improved refiners.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
ISSN:1359-6454
1873-2453
DOI:10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00094-X