Abundance, Age Structure, and Voltinism of Light Brown Apple Moth Populations in California

The light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), is native to Australia and first was detected in California in 2006. In this study, we regularly sampled populations on Leptospermum laevigatum (Gaertn.) F.Muell. at two sites in San Francisco and on Arctostaphylos densiflora M.S. Baker at t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental entomology Vol. 40; no. 6; pp. 1370 - 1377
Main Authors:	Buergi, L. P, Roltsch, W. J, Mills, N. J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Entomological Society of America 01-12-2011 Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Abundance Age Age composition age structure Animals Arctostaphylos Arctostaphylos densiflora Biological and medical sciences California degree-days Epiphyas postvittana Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology heat sums Insect Control - methods insect larvae instars invasive species Larva - growth & development Larva - physiology Larvae Leptospermum Leptospermum laevigatum Light effects Malus Models, Biological monitoring Moths - growth & development Moths - physiology Pests Phenology Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Population Dynamics POPULATION ECOLOGY Protozoa. Invertebrates Pupa - growth & development Pupa - physiology Records, symptoms, damages, economic importance, population surveys Seasons summer Voltinism winter Australia California United States North America America INE, USA, California, San Francisco INE, USA, California, Santa Cruz degree-days invasive species phenology Epiphyas postvittana Insecta Rosaceae Population structure Malus domestica Tortricidae Invasive species Pest Voltinism Phenology Arthropoda Dicotyledones Angiospermae Lepidoptera Spermatophyta Fruit tree Invertebrata Age Population density
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Summary:	The light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), is native to Australia and first was detected in California in 2006. In this study, we regularly sampled populations on Leptospermum laevigatum (Gaertn.) F.Muell. at two sites in San Francisco and on Arctostaphylos densiflora M.S. Baker at two sites in Santa Cruz over a 2-yr period to monitor the abundance, age structure, and voltinism of this potential pest in relation to degree-days. Our results showed that larval abundance declined at two sites, cycled with peaks in midsummer at one site, and remained steady at one site. Generations overlapped at all four sites with the full range of larval instars being present for most of the year, although populations during the winter were predominantly mid to late instars. Accumulated degree-days predict an average of 3.27 and 4.58 generations per year in San Francisco and Santa Cruz, respectively, which matched our observed peaks of late-instar larvae in the field remarkably well. This new information on light brown apple moth phenology in coastal California will be invaluable for the development of effective monitoring and management strategies for this new invader in the studied region.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/EN11165 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0046-225X 1938-2936 0046-225X
DOI:	10.1603/EN11165