Waterpipe tobacco smoke distresses cardiovascular biomarkers in mice: alterations in protein expression of metalloproteinases, endothelin and myeloperoxidase

Waterpipe tobacco smoke distresses cardiovascular biomarkers in mice: alterations in protein expression of metalloproteinases, endothelin and myeloperoxidase

Introduction: Tobacco use is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and atherosclerosis in particular. The use of waterpipe smoking (WPS) is increasing due to the misperception that it is less harmful than cigarette smoking due to its flavor and the use of water as a filter. Thus, rese...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Inhalation toxicology Vol. 31; no. 3; pp. 99 - 106
Main Authors: Rababa'h, Abeer M., Bsoul, Raghad W., Alkhatatbeh, Mohammad J., Alzoubi, Karem H., Khabour, Omar F.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Taylor & Francis 23-02-2019
Subjects:
Animals
Atherosclerotic biomarkers
Biomarkers - metabolism
cardiovascular diseases
endothelin
Endothelin-1 - metabolism
Male
matrix metalloproteinase
Metalloproteases - metabolism
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Myocardium - metabolism
Peroxidase - metabolism
Smoke - adverse effects
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - metabolism
Tobacco, Waterpipe
waterpipe
endothelin
matrix metalloproteinase
cardiovascular diseases
waterpipe
Atherosclerotic biomarkers
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Summary:Introduction: Tobacco use is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and atherosclerosis in particular. The use of waterpipe smoking (WPS) is increasing due to the misperception that it is less harmful than cigarette smoking due to its flavor and the use of water as a filter. Thus, research that investigates toxic effects of WPS is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of WPS on major cardiovascular biomarkers that may develop atherosclerosis in mice. Methods: BALB/c mice were exposed to WPS for either two weeks (acute exposure) or eight weeks (chronic exposure). Then, the heart tissue homogenates were analyzed to elucidate the effects of WPS on matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs: isoforms 1, 3, and 9), metallopeptidase inhibitor (TIMP1), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) using ELISA technique. Results: Current data showed that acute exposure to WPS significantly enhanced the levels of MMP-3, MMP-9, and MPO (p < 0.05) compared to their corresponding control. However, the body was capable to restore the increased levels of these parameters following chronic exposure to WPS for 8 weeks (p > 0.05). Additionally, the levels of ET-1 were significantly higher upon chronic exposure to WPS compared to both control and acute exposure groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Waterpipe exposure has a significant negative effect on the cardiovascular system. The enhancement of the atherosclerotic biomarkers (MMP-3, MMP-9, MPO, and ET-1) might represent an early scavenger of compensatory efforts to maintain cardiovascular function after WPS exposure.
ISSN:0895-8378
1091-7691
DOI:10.1080/08958378.2019.1606366