A single subcutaneous dose of eprinomectin (Eprecis ® ) is effective against common gastrointestinal nematodes and lungworms in experimentally infected lactating goats

The health and productivity of dairy goats continue to be impacted by gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) and lungworms (LW). Eprinomectin (EPN) is frequently selected for treatment because it is generally effective and does not require a milk withdrawal period. However, some factors, such as lactation...

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Published in:	Parasites & vectors Vol. 17; no. 1; p. 211
Main Authors:	Beck, Alexandra, Thomson, Sarah, Reddick, David, Brunner, Rike, Campbell-Wilson, Dana, Achard, Damien, Isaka, Naomi, Trotel, Anne, Karembe, Hamadi
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 10-05-2024 BMC
Subjects:	Animals Anthelmintics - administration & dosage Anthelmintics - pharmacokinetics Anthelmintics - therapeutic use Antiparasitic agents Care and treatment Complications and side effects Diagnosis Dictyocaulus filaria Dosage and administration Feces - parasitology Female Gastrointestinal Diseases - drug therapy Gastrointestinal Diseases - parasitology Gastrointestinal Diseases - veterinary Gastrointestinal nematodes Goat Diseases - drug therapy Goat Diseases - parasitology Goats Haemonchus contortus Injections, Subcutaneous - veterinary Ivermectin - administration & dosage Ivermectin - analogs & derivatives Ivermectin - pharmacokinetics Ivermectin - therapeutic use Lactation - drug effects Lung - parasitology Lungworms Nematoda - drug effects Nematode Infections - drug therapy Nematode Infections - parasitology Nematode Infections - veterinary Parasite Egg Count - veterinary Parasitic diseases Teladorsagia circumcincta Trichostrongylus colubriformis United Kingdom Controlled trial Haemonchus contortus Lungworms Gastrointestinal nematodes Treatment Lactating goats Teladorsagia circumcincta Dictyocaulus filaria Eprinomectin Trichostrongylus colubriformis
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Summary:	The health and productivity of dairy goats continue to be impacted by gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) and lungworms (LW). Eprinomectin (EPN) is frequently selected for treatment because it is generally effective and does not require a milk withdrawal period. However, some factors, such as lactation, can have an impact on EPN pharmacokinetics and potentially its efficacy. To evaluate whether this can alter the efficacy of Eprecis 2%, an eprinomectin injectable solution, a study was performed in lactating goats using the dose currently registered in cattle, sheep and goats (0.2 mg/kg). This study was a blinded, randomized, controlled trial performed according to the VICH guidelines. Eighteen (18) worm-free lactating goats were included and experimentally challenged on day 28 with a mixed culture of infective gastrointestinal and lung nematode larvae (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Dictyocaulus filaria). At D-1, fecal samples were collected to confirm patent infection in all animals. On D0, the goats were randomly allocated into two groups of nine goats; group 1 was treated with Eprecis 2% at 0.2 mg/kg BW by subcutaneous injection, while group 2 remained untreated. Fecal samples for egg counts were collected from all animals on days 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 14. On D14, all goats were killed, and the abomasum, small intestine and lungs were removed, processed and subsampled to record the number and species of worms. The treatment was well tolerated. After treatment, the arithmetic mean FEC decreased in the treated group and remained < 5 EPG until the end of the study, while the arithmetic mean FEC in the control group remained > 849.0 EPG. At D14, goats in the treated group had very limited or zero total worm counts, whereas all animals from the control group had a high worm burden. The measured efficacy was 100.0% against H. contortus and T. colubriformis, 99.9% against T. circumcincta and 98.0% against D. filaria. Eprinomectin (Eprecis , 20 mg/ml), administered at the label dose (0.2 mg/kg), is highly effective against gastrointestinal nematodes and lungworms in lactating goats.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1756-3305 1756-3305
DOI:	10.1186/s13071-024-06301-w