Use of space and habitats by meadow voles at the home range, patch and landscape scales

Using capture/recapture methods, we examined the spatial usage patterns of Microtus pennsylvanicus within and between experimentally created habitat patches of three sizes (1.0, 0.25 and 0.0625 ha) and between a 20-ha fragmented and a 20-ha continuous habitat landscape. We tested the prediction that...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Oecologia Vol. 105; no. 1; pp. 107 - 115
Main Authors:	Bowers, M.A, Gregario, K, Brame, C.J, Matter, S.F, Dooley, J.L. Jr. (Virginia Univ., Boyce (USA). Dept. of Environmental Sciences. Blandy Experimental Farm)
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin Springer-Verlag 1996 Springer
Subjects:	Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Autoecology BEHAVIOUR Biological and medical sciences CAMPAGNOL COMPORTAMIENTO COMPORTEMENT DISTRIBUCION GEOGRAFICA DISTRIBUTION GEOGRAPHIQUE Edge effects FEMALES FEMELLE Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION HABITAT Habitat fragmentation Habitat patches Habitat selection HABITATS HEMBRA Home range Homes Landscape ecology Landscapes Mammalia Mammals Microtus pennsylvanicus Population Ecology PROPORCION DE LOS SEXOS Rangelands SEX RATIO SUPERVIVENCIA SURVIE SURVIVAL TOPILLOS Vertebrata VOLES Wildlife habitats United States North America Virginia America Territory Body weight Rodentia Microtus pennsylvanicus Population structure Habitat selection Dispersion Fragmentation Pregnancy Sex ratio Vertebrata Area Mammalia Spatial distribution Edge effect Home range Edge effects Landscape ecology Habitat patches
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Summary:	Using capture/recapture methods, we examined the spatial usage patterns of Microtus pennsylvanicus within and between experimentally created habitat patches of three sizes (1.0, 0.25 and 0.0625 ha) and between a 20-ha fragmented and a 20-ha continuous habitat landscape. We tested the prediction that home ranges near patch edges would be qualitatively different from those in patch interiors, and that the edge:interior habitat ratio could be used to make predictions concerning the dispersion and spatial use of individuals occupying different sized patches and between landscapes with different habitat structure. We found adult females on patch edges to have larger and more exclusive home ranges, larger body sizes, longer residence times, and to reproduce at a higher frequency than those in patch interiors. These "edge effects" also appeared to be largely responsible for the greater proportion of larger, reproductive females we found in small than larger patches and in the fragmented than in the continuous habitat (control) landscape. The selection of higher quality edge habitats by dominant females and the relegation of sub-dominants to patch interiors provides an explanation for the observed differences in the distribution and performance of females over patches and between landscapes.
Bibliography:	97K4878 L20 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	0029-8549 1432-1939
DOI:	10.1007/BF00328798