Agranulocytosis after cocaine use: A case of suspected levamisole contamination in Belgium

Agranulocytosis after cocaine use: A case of suspected levamisole contamination in Belgium

All microbiological cultures of blood, sputum and urine remained negative. Because of the febrile neutropenia, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and a treatment with ceftazidime (2g bolus IV followed by 6g/24h IV continuous dose) was initiated. Trephine biopsy showed no signs of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical neurology and neurosurgery Vol. 114; no. 8; pp. 1159 - 1160
Main Authors: Brabant, Wim, Mazure, Dominiek, Vantilborgh, Anna, van Heeringen, Cornelis, Lemmens, Gilbert M.D
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-10-2012
Elsevier
Elsevier Limited
Subjects:
Adult
Agranulocytosis
Agranulocytosis - etiology
Antibiotics
Belgium
Biological and medical sciences
Bone marrow
Chromatography
Cocaine
Cocaine - chemistry
Cocaine - poisoning
Cocaine-Related Disorders - diagnosis
Drug Contamination
Female
Heart attacks
Humans
Intensive care
Levamisole
Levamisole - poisoning
Medical sciences
Medical treatment
Neurology
Neurosurgery
Neutropenia - blood
Neutropenia - chemically induced
Pain
Pneumonia
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
Belgium
Europe
Canada
United States > US
Agranulocytosis
Cocaine
Levamisole
Drug addiction
Nervous system diseases
Leukopenia
Surgery
Hemopathy
Neutropenia
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Description
Summary:All microbiological cultures of blood, sputum and urine remained negative. Because of the febrile neutropenia, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and a treatment with ceftazidime (2g bolus IV followed by 6g/24h IV continuous dose) was initiated. Trephine biopsy showed no signs of aplastic anaemia or hypoplastic myelodysplasia. Since the clinical and biochemical parameters improved, the patient was transferred to the haematology ward after three days on intensive care. In 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 21 individuals with cocaine-induced agranulocytosis in North America. [...]most evidence points to the contaminant levamisole as the responsible etiologic agent.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Case Study-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-4
content type line 23
ObjectType-Report-1
ObjectType-Article-3
ISSN:0303-8467
1872-6968
DOI:10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.12.012