An Electrolytic Elemental Iron Powder Effectively Regenerates Hemoglobin in Anemic Rats and Is Relatively Well Absorbed When Compared to Ferrous Sulfate Monohydrate

An Electrolytic Elemental Iron Powder Effectively Regenerates Hemoglobin in Anemic Rats and Is Relatively Well Absorbed When Compared to Ferrous Sulfate Monohydrate

Elemental iron powders are used as food fortificants to reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. However, many commercially available iron powders are relatively untested in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine the hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE) and relative iron bioavai...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients Vol. 16; no. 17; p. 2833
Main Authors: Swain, James H, Glosser, Logan D, Jang, Caroline J, Nemeth, Ryan C, Bethi, Anshul R, Zheng, Eva L, Boron, Evelyn R, Fox, Hannah M
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 24-08-2024
Subjects:
Anemia
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - diet therapy
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - drug therapy
Animals
Bakeries
Bioavailability
Biological Availability
Diet
Efficiency
electrolytic elemental iron powder
Ferrous Compounds - administration & dosage
Food
Food, Fortified
fortification
Hemoglobin
hemoglobin regeneration efficiency
Hemoglobins - metabolism
Iron
Iron - blood
Iron, Dietary - administration & dosage
Iron, Dietary - pharmacokinetics
Male
Powders
Ratios
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
relative bioavailability
United States > US
hemoglobin regeneration efficiency
relative bioavailability
electrolytic elemental iron powder
fortification
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Summary:Elemental iron powders are used as food fortificants to reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. However, many commercially available iron powders are relatively untested in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine the hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE) and relative iron bioavailability (RBV) of an electrolytic elemental iron powder (EIP), by treating anemic rats with 14 d iron repletion diets fortified with four different concentrations (12, 24, 36, or 48 mg iron/kg diet) of EIP and bakery-grade ferrous sulfate monohydrate (FS; FeSO •H O), or no added iron (control); n = 9-12/group. The HRE of FS was significantly higher ( ≤ 0.05) than EIP at each concentration of dietary iron tested. For EIP, the HREs (ratios) of diets containing 12, 24, 36, and 48 mg iron/kg were 0.356, 0.205, 0.197, and 0.163, respectively. For both EIP and FS, HRE was inversely associated with increasing dietary iron. The RBVs (%) of iron from EIP in diets at 12, 24, 36, and 48 mg iron/kg as compared to FS were 64.5, 59.1, 50.6, and 54.3%, respectively. Overall, findings show that at the concentrations of iron tested, EIP has RBVs greater than 50% and is an effective fortification agent to replenish hemoglobin and correct iron deficiency anemia.
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ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16172833