Analysis and characterization of cultivable extremophilic hydrolytic bacterial community in heavy-metal-contaminated soils from the Atacama Desert and their biotechnological potentials

Aims To isolate and characterize the cultivable community of hydrolase producers (amylase, protease, lipase, DNase, xylanase and pullulanase) inhabiting heavy‐metal‐contaminated soils in extreme conditions from the Atacama Desert. Methods and Results A total of 25 bacterial strains showing hydrolyti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of applied microbiology Vol. 113; no. 3; pp. 550 - 559
Main Authors:	Moreno, M.L., Piubeli, F., Bonfá, M.R.L., García, M.T., Durrant, L.R., Mellado, E.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-09-2012 Blackwell Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Atacama Desert Bacillaceae Bacillus Bacillus - classification Bacillus - enzymology Bacillus - genetics Bacillus - isolation & purification Bacteria Bacteria - classification Bacteria - enzymology Bacteria - genetics Bacteria - isolation & purification Biological and medical sciences Biotechnology Chile Desert Climate Deserts DNA, Bacterial - genetics Firmicutes Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology halophiles halotolerants Heavy metals heavy-metal-contaminated soils Hydrolases - biosynthesis hydrolytic extremophilic bacteria Metals, Heavy Microbiology Phylogeny RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA Soil contamination Soil Microbiology Soil Pollutants Chile Chile, Atacama Desert Biotechnology Halotolerance heavy-metal-contaminated soils Applied microbiology halophiles Soil pollution Heavy metal Characterization Hydrolysis Halophily Bacteria Atacama Desert Desert Microbial community halotolerants hydrolytic extremophilic bacteria
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Summary:	Aims To isolate and characterize the cultivable community of hydrolase producers (amylase, protease, lipase, DNase, xylanase and pullulanase) inhabiting heavy‐metal‐contaminated soils in extreme conditions from the Atacama Desert. Methods and Results A total of 25 bacterial strains showing hydrolytic activities have been selected including halotolerants, extremely halotolerants and moderate halophiles. Most hydrolase producers were assigned to the family B acillaceae, belonging to the genera Bacillus (nine strains), Halobacillus (seven strains) and Thalassobacillus (five strains) and four isolates were related to members of the families Pseudomonadaceae, Halomonadaceae and Staphylococcaceae. The selected strains were then characterized for their tolerance pattern to six heavy metals, measured as minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Conclusions The diversity found in the cultivable bacterial community analysed is more limited than that detected in other ecological studies owing to the restrictive conditions used in the screening. The dominant bacteria were Firmicutes and particularly, species related to the genus Bacillus. Significance and Impact of the Study This study is focused on the characterization of extremophilic hydrolytic bacteria, providing candidates as a source of novel enzymes with biotechnological applications.
Bibliography:	istex:5BF53E851A4BC6D02F5EE48C7CC6163703CEB06C Spanish Ministry of Science and Education - No. CTM 2006-03310 Junta de Andalucía - No. P08-RMN-3515 ark:/67375/WNG-43KXJZK6-B ArticleID:JAM5366 Table S1. Salt growth range pattern of the isolates. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1364-5072 1365-2672
DOI:	10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05366.x