Pregnancy period and early-life risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: a Northern Finland birth cohort 1966 study

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze the pregnancy period, perinatal period, and infancy period risk factors for IBD in a well-characterized birth cohort from Northern Finland. The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966...

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Published in:	BMC public health Vol. 24; no. 1; p. 1038
Main Authors:	Blomster, Timo M, Koivurova, Olli-Pekka, Koskela, Ritva, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Talley, Nicholas J, Ronkainen, Jukka
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 15-04-2024 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Antibiotics BCG BCG vaccines Birth Cohort Breast feeding Care and treatment Child Cigarettes Codes Cohort studies Colitis, Ulcerative - epidemiology Comorbidity Crohn Disease - epidemiology Crohn's disease Diagnosis Dietary supplements Early life Epidemiology Female Finland - epidemiology Health aspects Hospitals Humans Inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory bowel diseases Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - epidemiology Informed consent Intestine Iron Medical research Medicine, Experimental Multivariate analysis Offspring Pathogenesis Poliomyelitis Pregnancy Pregnancy, Complications of Pregnant women Quality of life Questionnaires Regression analysis Reimbursement Risk Factors Smoking Social classes Ulcerative colitis Vitamin D Finland Inflammatory bowel diseases Cohort studies Early life Epidemiology Crohn’s disease Smoking Ulcerative colitis
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Summary:	The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze the pregnancy period, perinatal period, and infancy period risk factors for IBD in a well-characterized birth cohort from Northern Finland. The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) population comprises mothers living in the two northernmost provinces of Finland, Oulu, and Lapland, with dates of delivery between Jan 1st and Dec 31st, 1966 (12 055 mothers, 12 058 live-born children, 96.3% of all births during 1966). IBD patients were identified using hospital registries (from 1966 to 2020) and Social Insurance Institution (SII) registry reimbursement data for IBD drugs (from 1978 to 2016). The data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. In total, 6972 individuals provided informed consent for the use of combined SII and hospital registry data. Of those, 154 (2.1%) had IBD (113 [1.6%] had ulcerative colitis (UC), and 41 (0.6%) had Crohn's disease (CD)). According to multivariate analysis, maternal smoking > 10 cigarettes/day during pregnancy was associated with a nearly 6-fold increased risk of CD in the offspring (OR 5.78, 95% CI 1.70-17.3). Breastfeeding (OR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.08-0.44) and iron supplementation during the first year of life (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.89) were negatively associated with CD. Smoking during pregnancy was associated with the risk of CD while Breastfeeding and oral iron supplementation at infancy were negatively associated with the risk of CD later in life.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1471-2458 1471-2458
DOI:	10.1186/s12889-024-18549-z