Oral DHA supplementation and retinopathy of prematurity: the Joinville DHA Clinical Trial

Oral DHA supplementation and retinopathy of prematurity: the Joinville DHA Clinical Trial

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in premature infants. The condition is associated with DHA deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DHA supplementation on the occurrence of ROP in infants receiving oral oil drops. It is part of the Joinville DHA stud...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of nutrition Vol. 132; no. 3; pp. 341 - 350
Main Authors: Cagliari, Patrícia Zanotelli, Hoeller, Vinícius Ricardo Franzoi, Kanzler, Émelli Louise Rüncus, Carraro, Melody Cristina Mansani, Corrêa, Zaine Glaci Duarte, Blazius, Gleici, Marghetti, Pietra Giovanna, Lenz, Gabriela Bruns, Mastroeni, Silmara Salete de Barros Silva, Mastroeni, Marco Fabio
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 14-08-2024
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Birth weight
Blindness
Brazil - epidemiology
Clinical trials
Cohort Studies
Comorbidity
Coronaviruses
Corticoids
Corticosteroids
COVID-19
Data collection
Dietary Supplements
Docosahexaenoic acid
Docosahexaenoic Acids - administration & dosage
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent
Female
Gestational Age
Hospitals
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infants
Informed consent
Male
Neonates
Newborn babies
Nutrition research
Nutritional status
Oral administration
Parents & parenting
Pediatrics
Premature babies
Regression analysis
Retina
Retinopathy
Retinopathy of Prematurity - prevention & control
Sociodemographics
Steroids
Surfactants
Brazil
Retinopathy of prematurity
Preterm infant
Patent ductus arteriosus
DHA
Surfactant
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Summary:Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in premature infants. The condition is associated with DHA deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DHA supplementation on the occurrence of ROP in infants receiving oral oil drops. It is part of the Joinville DHA study, a non-parallel-group cohort study conducted from March 2020 to January 2023 at a public maternity hospital in Brazil. Infants born before 33 weeks of gestational age or with a birth weight ≤ 1500 g were recruited. Among 155 infants, 81 did not receive and 74 received DHA supplementation until complete vascularisation of the peripheral retina. There was a higher incidence of infants with ROP in the unsupplemented group (58·6 %) compared with the DHA group (41·4 %), but this difference was NS (P = 0·22). Unadjusted logistic regression analysis showed that patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal corticosteroids were significantly (P < 0·05) associated with ROP in both groups. In the DHA group, surfactant use was also associated with ROP (P = 0·003). After adjusting for important covariates, patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal corticosteroids continued to be significant for infants in the unsupplemented group (OR = 3·99; P = 0·022 and OR = 5·64; P = 0·019, respectively). In the DHA group, only surfactant use continued to be associated with ROP (OR = 4·84; P = 0·015). In summary, DHA supplementation was not associated with ROP. Further studies are necessary to better understand the relationship between DHA supplementation, ROP and associated comorbidities.
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ISSN:0007-1145
1475-2662
1475-2662
DOI:10.1017/S0007114524001120