Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentration and infectious respiratory disease complex in shelter dogs

Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentration and infectious respiratory disease complex in shelter dogs

Background Hypovitaminosis D is a risk factor for the development of respiratory infections in humans and repletion can be protective. Objectives Determine if serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin (OH)D concentrations are lower in shelter dogs and if 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with clinical signs of ca...

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Published in:Journal of veterinary internal medicine Vol. 35; no. 1; pp. 472 - 479
Main Authors: Jaffey, Jared A., Lappin, Michael R., Ringold, Randy, Kreisler, Rachael, Bradley‐Siemens, Nancy, Hawley, Jennifer, Sun, Andrew, Blakeman, Cody, Mayer, Nancy
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-01-2021
Wiley
Subjects:
25(OH)D
Animal shelters
calcidiol
calcifediol
CIRDC
Dogs
Enrollments
Infections
Influenza
Medical records
Pathogens
Polymerase chain reaction
Respiratory diseases
SMALL ANIMAL
Software
Veterinary colleges
Veterinary medicine
Vitamin D
Vitamin deficiency
25(OH)D
CIRDC
calcidiol
calcifediol
vitamin D
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Summary:Background Hypovitaminosis D is a risk factor for the development of respiratory infections in humans and repletion can be protective. Objectives Determine if serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin (OH)D concentrations are lower in shelter dogs and if 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with clinical signs of canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC) or with time in the shelter. Animals One hundred forty‐six shelter dogs (clinically ill n = 36, apparently healthy n = 110) and 23 nonshelter control dogs. Methods Prospective cohort study. Shelter dogs were grouped as clinically ill or apparently healthy based on the presence or absence, respectively, of clinical signs associated with CIRDC. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured with a competitive chemiluminesence immunoassay. Nucleic acids of agents associated with the CIRDC were amplified by polymerase chain reaction assays. Results The concentration of 25(OH)D was 7.3 ng/mL (4.5‐9.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]) lower in dogs with signs of CIRDC than apparently healthy shelter dogs (t(142) = 2.0, P = .04). Dogs positive for DNA of canine herpesvirus (CHV)‐1 had serum 25(OH)D concentrations 14.9 ng/mL (−3.7 to 29.6, 95% CI) lower than dogs that were negative (t(137) = 2.0, P = .04). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations in shelter dogs were not different from control dogs (t(45) = −1.4, P = .17). Serum 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with duration of time in the shelter (F(1, 140) = 1.7, P = .2, R2 = 0.01). Conclusion and Clinical Importance Vitamin D could have a role in acute respiratory tract infections in shelter dogs.
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ISSN:0891-6640
1939-1676
DOI:10.1111/jvim.16008