Sex-specific frontal-striatal connectivity differences among adolescents with externalizing disorders

•Boys had higher impulsivity scores than girls with externalizing disorders.•Boys showed greater ventromedial prefrontal-ventral striatal connectivity than girls.•Boys showed weaker medial-lateral prefrontal (mPFC-lPFC) connectivity than girls.•The mPFC-lPFC connectivity may represent a male-specifi...

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Published in:	NeuroImage clinical Vol. 32; p. 102789
Main Authors:	Chai, Ya, Chimelis-Santiago, José R., Bixler, Kristy A., Aalsma, Matthew, Yu, Meichen, Hulvershorn, Leslie A.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01-01-2021 Elsevier
Subjects:	Adolescence Adolescent Amygdala Child Corpus Striatum - diagnostic imaging Externalizing disorders Female Frontal-striatal Connectivity Humans Impulsive Behavior Impulsivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Neural Pathways - diagnostic imaging Prefrontal Cortex - diagnostic imaging Regular Resting-state Functional Connectivity Sex Characteristics Sex Differences Frontal-striatal Connectivity Adolescence Impulsivity Resting-state Functional Connectivity Sex Differences Externalizing disorders
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Summary:	•Boys had higher impulsivity scores than girls with externalizing disorders.•Boys showed greater ventromedial prefrontal-ventral striatal connectivity than girls.•Boys showed weaker medial-lateral prefrontal (mPFC-lPFC) connectivity than girls.•The mPFC-lPFC connectivity may represent a male-specific biomarker of impulsivity. Sex-specific neurobiological underpinnings of impulsivity in youth with externalizing disorders have not been well studied. The only report of functional connectivity (FC) findings in this area demonstrated sex differences in fronto-subcortical connectivity in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) to examine sex differences in resting-state seed-based FC, self-rated impulsivity, and their interactions in 11-12-year-old boys (n = 43) and girls (n = 43) with externalizing disorders. Generalized linear models controlling for pubertal development were used. Seeds were chosen in the ventral striatum, medial prefrontal cortex, middle frontal gyrus and amygdala. Impulsivity scores were greater in boys than girls (p < 0.05). Boys showed greater positive connectivity within a ventromedial prefrontal-ventral striatal network. In addition, boys demonstrated weaker connectivity than girls within two medial–lateral prefrontal cortical networks. However, only boys showed greater medial–lateral prefrontal connectivity correlated with greater impulsivity. The findings provide evidence supporting sex differences in both ventral striatal-ventromedial prefrontal and medial–lateral prefrontal functional networks in youth with externalizing disorders. These important networks are thought to be implicated in impulse control. Medial-lateral prefrontal connectivity may represent a male-specific biomarker of impulsivity.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2213-1582 2213-1582
DOI:	10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102789