Are demographic factors, masticatory performance and structural brain signatures associated with cognitive impairment in older people? A pilot study of cross‐sectional neuroimaging data

Are demographic factors, masticatory performance and structural brain signatures associated with cognitive impairment in older people? A pilot study of cross‐sectional neuroimaging data

Background The occurrence of cognitive impairment (CI) is expected to increase within an ageing population. CI is associated with tooth loss, which influences masticatory performance. A decrease in masticatory performance may cause functional and morphological changes in the brain. However, whether...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of oral rehabilitation Vol. 51; no. 2; pp. 321 - 327
Main Authors: Knijn, Fleur V., Verhoeff, Merel C., Bindels, Karlijn l., Fuh, Jong‐Ling, Lin, Chia‐Shu, Su, Naichuan, Lobbezoo, Frank
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-02-2024
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain mapping
chewing
Chewing gum
Cognitive ability
Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnostic imaging
Cortex (entorhinal)
Cross-Sectional Studies
Demography
Humans
Magnetic resonance imaging
Mastication
masticatory function
masticatory performance
Middle Aged
mild cognitive impairment
Neuroimaging
Older people
Pilot Projects
masticatory performance
mild cognitive impairment
mastication
chewing
masticatory function
neuroimaging
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Summary:Background The occurrence of cognitive impairment (CI) is expected to increase within an ageing population. CI is associated with tooth loss, which influences masticatory performance. A decrease in masticatory performance may cause functional and morphological changes in the brain. However, whether CI is associated with masticatory performance, demographics, and structural brain signatures has not been studied yet. Objectives To assess the associations between CI on the one hand, and masticatory performance, demographic factors, and structural brain signatures (i.e. cortical volume and thickness) on the other hand. Methods In total, 18 older adults with CI (mean ± SD age = 72.2 ± 9.5 years) and 68 older adults without CI (65.7 ± 7.5 years) were included in this study. Masticatory performance was quantified using a colour‐changeable chewing gum. A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan was used to map structural brain signatures. To study our aim, a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis with backward selection was performed. Results The cortical volume of the right entorhinal cortex was negatively associated with CI (p < .01). However, demographic factors, masticatory performance, and the other structural brain signatures under investigation were not associated with CI. Conclusion A decrease in the volume of the right entorhinal cortex is associated with CI in older people. The association between masticatory performance, cognitive impairment, and aging in older people.
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ISSN:0305-182X
1365-2842
DOI:10.1111/joor.13591