Epidemiology, Genotyping, Mutational and Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in North-east India

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem globally. Northeast India is home to indigenous tribes with different ethnicity and high rates of drug abuse and HIV infection. The study was designed to estimate the burden of HBV infection across various spectrums of liver diseases...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 43 - 51
Main Authors:	Kar, Premashis, Goswami, Bhabadev, Mahanta, Jagdish, Bhimo, Thngam, Das, Anup K., Deka, Manab, Lynrah, Kyrshanlang G., Kotwal, Mool R., Bhaumik, Pradip, Jini, Moji, Karna, Rahul, Karra, Vijay K., Kaur, Harpreet
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	India Elsevier B.V 01-01-2022 Elsevier
Subjects:	epidemiology evolution genotype HBV mutation Original RT FHF ALT HBsAg HCC FNAC evolution AFP CAH: chronic active hepatitis SHB BCP genotype epidemiology mutation AVH EASL DNA ULN HBcAg CLD HBV PCR SGPT SGOT HBV, hepatitis B virus HBcAg, icosahedral core CAH: chronic active hepatitis, CHB: chronic hepatitis B SGPT, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase CLD, chronic liver disease SHB, small hepatitis B surface antigen EASL, European Association for the study of the liver ULN, upper limit of normal BCP, basal core promoter mutations RT, reverse transcriptase DNA, deoxyribose nucleic acid AVH, acute viral hepatitis FHF, fulminant hepatic failure FNAC, fine needle aspiration cytology AFP, alpha fetoprotein ALT, alanine transaminase SGOT, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase PCR, polymerase chain reaction HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma HBsAg, surface proteins
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Summary:	Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem globally. Northeast India is home to indigenous tribes with different ethnicity and high rates of drug abuse and HIV infection. The study was designed to estimate the burden of HBV infection across various spectrums of liver diseases from this region. HBV genotypes and subgenotypes play a role in the chronicity of disease, response to treatment and its progression. As very limited data are available from this region, we tried to elucidate the role of HBV genotypes, HBV mutants and their phylogenetic analysis. We designed a prospective multicentric study, and included 7464 liver disease cases, 7432 blood donors and 650 health care workers, who were screened for HBV infection. HBV DNA positive patients were genotyped and subjected to surface protein, precore and core mutation and phylogenetic analysis. The prevalence of HBV infection with respect to different types of liver diseases, blood donors and health care workers was 9.9% (1550/15,546). 49.5% (768/1550) cases were found to be HBV DNA positive. The most common genotype was found to be genotype D 74.2% (570/768), followed by genotype C 6.5% (50/768), A 4.4% (34/768) and I 0.9% (7/768). This study highlights the high hepatitis B burden in Northeast India, reflecting lacunae in health care needs of the region. Also, the different genotype distribution and presence of mutations may translate into different rates of liver disease progression, prognosis and ultimately, clinical significance. However, further prospective cohort study from Northeast India is warranted, to elucidate the clinical significance of multiple genotypes and mutation in this unique population.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0973-6883 2213-3453
DOI:	10.1016/j.jceh.2021.04.002