Renal toxicity of Bothrops moojeni snake venom and its main myotoxins

Acute renal failure is one the most common systemic complications after snakebite, however, its pathogenesis remains obscure. In this study we evaluated the renal effects of Bothrops moojeni venom and its myotoxins (Bmtx-I and BmtxII) in rat isolated perfused kidneys. The myotoxins were purified by...

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Published in:	Toxicon (Oxford) Vol. 40; no. 10; pp. 1427 - 1435
Main Authors:	Barbosa, P.S.F, Havt, A, Facó, P.E.G, Sousa, T.M, Bezerra, I.S.A.M, Fonteles, M.C, Toyama, M.H, Marangoni, S, Novello, J.C, Monteiro, H.S.A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-10-2002 Elsevier Science
Subjects:	Amino Acid Sequence Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms Animals Biological and medical sciences Bothrops - physiology Bothrops moojeni Crotalid Venoms - analysis Crotalid Venoms - toxicity Group II Phospholipases A2 In Vitro Techniques Kidney Diseases - chemically induced Kidney Diseases - physiopathology Kidney Tubules - drug effects Kidney Tubules - physiopathology Male Medical sciences Molecular Sequence Data Myotoxin Perfused kidney Perfusion Phospholipases A - analysis Phospholipases A - toxicity Pressure Rats Rats, Wistar Renal Circulation - drug effects Renal Circulation - physiology Reptilian Proteins Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Toxicology Urination - drug effects Urodynamics Vascular Resistance - drug effects Vascular Resistance - physiology Bothrops moojeni Myotoxin Perfused kidney Kidney disease Urinary system disease Rat Toxicity Rodentia Animal origin In vitro Kidney Ophidia Toxin Vertebrata Mammalia Animal Venom Renal failure Reptilia
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Summary:	Acute renal failure is one the most common systemic complications after snakebite, however, its pathogenesis remains obscure. In this study we evaluated the renal effects of Bothrops moojeni venom and its myotoxins (Bmtx-I and BmtxII) in rat isolated perfused kidneys. The myotoxins were purified by ion-exchange chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. The whole venom (10 μg/ml) and myotoxins (5 μg/ml) were added to the perfusion system 30 min after the beginning of each perfusion. The renal effects were compared to a control group perfused with modified Krebs–Henseleit solution alone. B. moojeni venom decreased the perfusion pressure (PP), renal vascular resistance (RVR), and the percent sodium, potassium and chloride tubular transport (%TNa +, %TK +, %TCl −). In contrast, the venom increased the urinary flow (UF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the sodium, potassium and chloride excretion (ENa +, EK +, ECl −). The renal effects of myotoxin I was very similar to those of the whole venom, but there was an increase rather than a decrease in the PP and RVR. Myotoxin II had no effect on renal physiology, except for a transient decrease in %TK +. In conclusion, B. moojeni venom caused intense alterations in renal physiology, including a drop in vascular resistance associated with diuresis, natriuresis and kaliuresis. Bmtx-I had an opposite effect when compared to whole venom, showed in the parameters of PP and RVR. Bmtx-II had a mild effect in %TK +. The apparent inability of Bmtx-II to induce the renal effect similarly to Bmtx-I should be explained by the absence in the Bmtx-II of the C-terminal lysine rich region.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0041-0101 1879-3150
DOI:	10.1016/S0041-0101(02)00156-3