Water Quality, Toxicity and Diversity of Planktonic and Benthic Cyanobacteria in Pristine Ancient Lake Khubsugul (Hövsgöl), Mongolia

For the first time, microcystin-producing cyanobacteria have been detected in Khubsugul, which is ancient, pristine and one of the world's largest lakes. The microcystin synthetase genes belonged to the genera , and possibly spp. No microcystins were found in the water of the lake. Using the HP...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Toxins Vol. 15; no. 3; p. 213
Main Authors:	Belykh, Olga I, Sorokovikova, Ekaterina G, Tomberg, Irina V, Fedorova, Galina A, Kuzmin, Anton V, Krasnopeev, Andrey Yu, Suslova, Maria Yu, Potapov, Sergey A, Belykh, Tatiana I, Norovsuren, Jadambaa, Galachyants, Agnia D, Tikhonova, Irina V
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 01-03-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	Algae Anthropogenic factors Aquatic ecosystems Bacteria Benthos Biofilms Biological diversity Chlorophyll Chlorophyll A Climate change Coastal zone coliform bacteria Congeners Cyanobacteria Distribution Drinking water Environmental Monitoring enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Enzymes Eutrophication Evaluation Genera High-performance liquid chromatography high-throughput sequencing Identification and classification Lake Khubsugul Lakes Lakes - microbiology Liquid chromatography Microcystins Microcystis Microcystis - genetics Microorganisms Mongolia Next-generation sequencing Nitrogen Nostoc Phosphorus Phytoplankton Plankton Plankton - genetics rRNA 16S Substrates Surface water Toxicity Toxins Water pollution Water Quality Mongolia coliform bacteria microcystins Lake Khubsugul high-throughput sequencing cyanobacteria enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
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Summary:	For the first time, microcystin-producing cyanobacteria have been detected in Khubsugul, which is ancient, pristine and one of the world's largest lakes. The microcystin synthetase genes belonged to the genera , and possibly spp. No microcystins were found in the water of the lake. Using the HPLC-HRMS/TOF, five microcystin congeners were identified in biofilms from stony substrates sampled in the coastal zone. The concentration of microcystins in biofilms was low: 41.95 µg g d. wt. by ELISA and 55.8 µg g d. wt. using HPLC. The taxonomic composition of planktonic and benthic cyanobacterial communities was determined by means of microscopy and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons. Nostocales cyanobacteria dominated benthos of Lake Khubsugul and Synechococcales-plankton. The abundance of cyanobacteria was low both in plankton and benthos; there was no mass development of cyanobacteria. Hydrochemical and microbiological analyses showed that the water in the lake was clean; the number of faecal microorganisms was significantly below the acceptable guideline values. Hydrochemical and hydrophysical parameters, and the concentration of chlorophyll , were low and within the range of values recorded in the 1970s to 1990s, and corresponded to the oligotrophic state of the lake. There were no signs of anthropogenic eutrophication of the lake and no conditions for the cyanobacterial blooms.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2072-6651 2072-6651
DOI:	10.3390/toxins15030213