Influence of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Rotary Friction Welded Inconel to Stainless Steel Joints

Influence of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Rotary Friction Welded Inconel to Stainless Steel Joints

The present study aims to evaluate the microstructure, grain size, and mechanical properties of the dissimilar AISI 316L/Inconel 718 (IN 718) rotary friction welded joints under both the as-welded and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) conditions. Because of reduced flow strength at elevated temperatur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials Vol. 16; no. 8; p. 3049
Main Authors: Beeravolu, Akhil Reddy, Babu, Nagumothu Kishore, Talari, Mahesh Kumar, Rehman, Ateekh Ur, Srirangam, Prakash
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 12-04-2023
MDPI
Subjects:
AISI 316L
Alloys
Ambient temperature
Austenitic stainless steels
Base metal
Carbon steel
Corrosion resistance
Crack initiation
Dissimilar materials
Dissimilar metals
Ductility
Elongation
Friction welding
Grain boundaries
Grain growth
Grain size
Hardness
Heat affected zone
Heat resistant alloys
High temperature
Inconel 718
Instrument industry
Intermetallic compounds
Mechanical properties
Metals
Microstructure
Nickel alloys
Nickel base alloys
Nuclear power plants
Post-weld heat treatment
Precipitates
rotary friction welding
Solidification
Solids
Stainless steel
Superalloys
Tensile strength
Tensile tests
Ultimate tensile strength
Welded joints
Welding
Yield strength
United States
AISI 316L
hardness
microstructure
Inconel 718
mechanical properties
rotary friction welding
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Summary:The present study aims to evaluate the microstructure, grain size, and mechanical properties of the dissimilar AISI 316L/Inconel 718 (IN 718) rotary friction welded joints under both the as-welded and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) conditions. Because of reduced flow strength at elevated temperatures, the AISI 316L and IN 718 dissimilar weldments exhibited more flash formation on the AISI 316L side. At higher rotating speeds during friction welding, an intermixing zone was created at the weld joint interface due to the material softening and squeezing. The dissimilar welds exhibited distinctive regions, including the fully deformed zone (FDZ), heat-affected zone (HAZ), thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and the base metal (BM), located on either side of the weld interface. The dissimilar friction welds, AISI 316L/IN 718 ST and AISI 316L/IN 718 STA, exhibited yield strength (YS) of 634 ± 9 MPa and 602 ± 3 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 728 ± 7 MPa and 697± 2 MPa, and % elongation (% El) of 14 ± 1.5 and 17 ± 0.9, respectively. Among the welded samples, PWHT samples exhibited high strength (YS = 730 ± 2 MPa, UTS = 828 ± 5 MPa, % El = 9 ± 1.2), and this may be attributed to the formation of precipitates. Dissimilar PWHT friction weld samples resulted in the highest hardness among all the conditions in the FDZ due to the formation of precipitates. On the AISI 316L side, prolonged exposure to high temperatures during PWHT resulted in grain growth and decreased hardness. During the tensile test at ambient temperature, both the as-welded and PWHT friction weld joints failed in the HAZ regions of the AISI 316L side.
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ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma16083049