Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Cynara cardunculus (Artichoke) Leaves on Neuroinflammatory and Neurochemical Parameters in a Diet-Induced Mice Obesity Model

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cynara cardunculus leaf ethanol extract on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in the hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebral cortex and liver of high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food intake, body weight, visceral fat weig...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Neurochemical research Vol. 47; no. 7; pp. 1888 - 1903
Main Authors:	Piccinini, Alexandre, Oliveira, Mariana Pacheco, Silva, Mariella Reinol, Bett, Gabriela Souza, Becker, Isabel Borges, Mendes, Talita Farias, Salla, Daniéle Hendler, Silva, Larissa Espindola, Vilela, Thais Ceresér, Moraes, Fernanda Mendes, Moterle, Diego, Damiani, Adriani Paganini, Dagostin, Lígia Salvan, Tietbohl, Lariani Tamires, Bittencourt, João Vitor Silvano, Biehl, Erica, Denicol, Tais Luise, Bonfante, Sandra Regina, Andrade, Vanessa Moraes, Silveira, Paulo Cesar Lock, Prophiro, Josiane Somariva, Ferreira, Gabriela Kozuchovski, Petronilho, Fabricia, Kanis, Luiz Alberto, Rezin, Gislaine Tezza
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-07-2022 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Antioxidants Artichokes Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Body weight Brain Cell Biology Cerebral cortex Cynara cardunculus Damage Diet Ethanol Food intake High fat diet Hippocampus Hypothalamus Inflammation Leaves Liver Low fat diet Neostriatum Neurochemistry Neurology Neurosciences Nutrient deficiency Obesity Oral administration Original Paper Oxidative stress Parameters Prefrontal cortex Weight reduction Obesity Oxidative stress Inflammation Cynara cardunculus
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Summary:	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cynara cardunculus leaf ethanol extract on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in the hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebral cortex and liver of high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food intake, body weight, visceral fat weight, and liver weight were also evaluated. Male Swiss mice were divided into control (low-fat purified diet) and obese (high-fat purified diet) groups. After 6 weeks, mice were divided into control + saline, control + C. cardunculus leaf ethanol extract, obese + saline, obese + C. cardunculus leaf ethanol extract. Cynara cardunculus leaf ethanol extract (1600 mg/kg/day) or saline was administered orally for 4 weeks. Brain structures (hypothalamus, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, striatum and cerebral cortex) and liver were removed. Treatment with C. cardunculus leaf ethanol extract did not affect body weight but did reduce visceral fat. Obesity can cause inflammation and oxidative stress and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in brain structures. Treatment with ethanolic extract of C. cardunculus leaves partially reversed the changes in inflammatory damage parameters and oxidative damage parameters and attenuated changes in the antioxidant defense. The C. cardunculus leaf ethanol extract benefited from the brains of obese animals by partially reversing the changes caused by the consumption of a high-fat diet and the consequent obesity. These results corroborate those of studies indicating that the C. cardunculus leaf ethanol extract can contribute to the treatment of obesity.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0364-3190 1573-6903
DOI:	10.1007/s11064-022-03572-6