Development of a retrobulbar injection technique for ocular surgery and analgesia in dogs

To develop and compare 3 techniques for retrobulbar injection of local anesthetic agents for ocular surgery and analgesia in dogs. Prospective study. 17 dogs (including 9 cadavers). Inferior-temporal palpebral (ITP), perimandibular, and combined superior-inferior peribulbar injection techniques were...

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Published in:	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Vol. 229; no. 2; pp. 220 - 225
Main Authors:	Accola, P.J, Bentley, E, Smith, L.J, Forrest, L.J, Baumel, C.A, Murphy, C.J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 15-07-2006
Subjects:	Analgesia - veterinary analgesics anesthetics Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage Animals Cadaver Contrast Media - administration & dosage dog diseases dogs Dogs - physiology Dogs - surgery drug injection eye diseases eyes injection site Injections - methods Injections - veterinary Intraocular Pressure Lidocaine - administration & dosage magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary methodology Nerve Block - methods Nerve Block - veterinary Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents - administration & dosage Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures - methods Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures - veterinary Orbit postoperative complications Prospective Studies retrobulbar injection surgery therapeutics veterinary medicine
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Summary:	To develop and compare 3 techniques for retrobulbar injection of local anesthetic agents for ocular surgery and analgesia in dogs. Prospective study. 17 dogs (including 9 cadavers). Inferior-temporal palpebral (ITP), perimandibular, and combined superior-inferior peribulbar injection techniques were compared by assessing the distribution of latex after injection into the orbits of 5 canine cadavers; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the distribution of contrast agent after injection in the retrobulbar space of 4 canine cadavers; and assessment of the efficacy and MRI evaluation of the anatomic distribution of injections of a lidocainecontrast agent mixture in 4 anesthetized, nonrecovery dogs. By use of the preferred technique (ITP), the ocular effects of lidocaine anesthesia were evaluated in 4 dogs; during a 2-week period after treatment, dogs underwent ophthalmic examination, Schirmer tear testing (STT), intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry. Of the 3 techniques, the ITP technique was the preferred method for retrobulbar administration of anesthetic agent in dogs because it was efficacious (pupil dilation and central rotation of the globe achieved in all eyes), easiest to perform, and provided thorough coverage of the intraconal retrobulbar space without complication. During the 2-week follow-up period, the ITP injection did not significantly affect STT, IOP, or Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry values in dogs. In dogs, retrobulbar administration of anesthetic agents via the ITP technique is a potential alternative to systemic administration of neuromuscular blocking agents for ophthalmic surgery and provides the additional benefit of local ocular analgesia.
Bibliography:	http://www.avma.org/ ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0003-1488 1943-569X
DOI:	10.2460/javma.229.2.220