Impact of Cultivation and Subsequent Burial on Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

We assessed the efficacy of cultivation as a potential management strategy for codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in apple orchards. Cocooned codling moth pupae and thinning apples infested with pl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of economic entomology Vol. 108; no. 3; pp. 1215 - 1220
Main Authors:	Baughman, William B, Nelson, Peter N, Grieshop, Matthew J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Entomological Society of America 01-06-2015 Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Agriculture - methods Animals Apples Butterflies & moths codling moth Coleoptera Conotrachelus nenuphar Cultivation Curculio Curculionidae Cydia pomonella Emergence Fruits HORTICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY Laboratories Larva - growth & development Larva - physiology Larvae Lepidoptera Malus - growth & development Moths - growth & development Moths - physiology Orchards Pest Control, Biological plum curculio Prunus Pupa - growth & development Pupa - physiology Sand strip cultivation Tortricidae Weevils - growth & development Weevils - physiology plum curculio codling moth strip cultivation Cydia pomonella Conotrachelus nenuphar
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Summary:	We assessed the efficacy of cultivation as a potential management strategy for codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in apple orchards. Cocooned codling moth pupae and thinning apples infested with plum curculio larvae were cultivated over in the field. Emergence, percent burial, damage to buried fruit, and depth of burial was recorded. In the laboratory, both insects were buried at variable depths in sand and potting soil and emergence was measured. A greater proportion of plum curculio larvae buried in infested fruit under laboratory conditions survived to adulthood compared with unburied infested fruit, down to 15 cm. No codling moth adults emerged from under 1 cm or more of sand. Buried codling moth larvae experienced drastically reduced survival to adulthood compared with unburied larvae. These results indicate that strip cultivation may negatively impact codling moth diapausing larvae and pupae on the ground, but not likely to negatively impact plum curculio in infested dropped apples.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-0493 1938-291X
DOI:	10.1093/jee/tov071