Prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infection among preschool-aged children from Panamasso village, Burkina Faso

Prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infection among preschool-aged children from Panamasso village, Burkina Faso

Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Although schistosomiasis is well documented in school-aged children in Burkina Faso, prevalence data among preschool-aged children (PSAC) are limited and outdated, and its risk factors in this group remain poorly documented...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Parasites & vectors Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 185
Main Authors: Cisse, Mamoudou, Sangare, Ibrahim, Djibougou, Arthur D, Tahita, Marc C, Gnissi, Souleymane, Bassinga, Jonathan K W, Konda, Salifou, Diallo, Abdoulaye H
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 01-04-2021
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects:
Anemia
Antigens
Burkina Faso
Centrifugation
Centrifuging
Children
Community
Consent
Data collection
Distribution
Eggs
Feces
Health risks
Households
Infections
Laboratories
Methods
Parents & parenting
Ponds
Praziquantel
Preschool-aged children
Prevalence
Public health
Public health administration
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Risk management
Sample size
Schistosoma mansoni
Schistosomiasis
Sentinel health events
Sociodemographics
Urine
Villages
Burkina Faso
Africa
Schistosoma mansoni
Preschool-aged children
Burkina Faso
Prevalence
Risk factors
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Summary:Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Although schistosomiasis is well documented in school-aged children in Burkina Faso, prevalence data among preschool-aged children (PSAC) are limited and outdated, and its risk factors in this group remain poorly documented. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with Schistosoma (S.) mansoni infection among PSAC from Panamasso village, western Burkina Faso. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 228 children under 6 years old from Panamasso village. Sociodemographic and water contact data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Kato-Katz and formol-ether concentration techniques were used to detect S. mansoni eggs in stool samples. Urine samples were subjected to a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) cassette test and a centrifugation method to check for both S. mansoni and S. haematobium infection, respectively. Potential risk factors for S. mansoni infection were explored using multivariable logistic regression. The mean age of children was 40.2 ± 15.0 months. The prevalence of S. mansoni infection as determined by Kato-Katz, formol-ether concentration and POC-CCA was 42.1%, 39.5% and 80.7%, respectively. Based on the combined results of the three methods, the overall prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 81.1%. No case of S. haematobium infection was found. The geometric mean intensity of S. mansoni infection was 107.2 eggs per gram of feces with 54.2%, 33.3% and 12.5% of the children having light, moderate and heavy infections, respectively. Girls (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.3-6.1), a household located within 500 m from the pond (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.0-8.6) or between 500 and 1000 m from the pond (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.2-7.2), and the child's history of going to the pond (AOR = 5.0, 95% CI 1.7-14.3) were the variables significantly associated with S. mansoni infection. S. mansoni was the sole species infecting a high proportion of PSAC in the study area. A mass drug administration program with praziquantel is therefore urgently required for those below 6 years old. Other control strategies should include increased community-awareness and provision of safe water.
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ISSN:1756-3305
1756-3305
DOI:10.1186/s13071-021-04692-8