importance of weather and agronomic factors for the overwinter survival of yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) and subsequent disease risk in commercial wheat crops in England

Disease survey data from 4475 randomly selected crops of wheat from England and Wales during 1985-2000 showed that yellow rust was most prevalent in 1988, 1989, 1990, 1998 and 1999. Disease severity on the upper two leaves was low as >95% crops had received foliar fungicides. Factors affecting th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Annals of applied biology Vol. 150; no. 3; pp. 371 - 382
Main Authors:	Gladders, P, Langton, S.D, Barrie, I.A, Hardwick, N.V, Taylor, M.C, Paveley, N.D
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-06-2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell
Subjects:	Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biological and medical sciences Control Cultivar resistance Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fungal plant pathogens fungicides Genetics and breeding of economic plants GLMM Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection seed treatment surveys temperature England United Kingdom Great Britain Europe Western Europe Puccinia striiformis Monocotyledones Temperature Mycosis Disease Seed treatment Overwintering surveys Basidiomycetes Risk Biology Physical environment Temperate zone Cultivar resistance Fungi Triticum Gramineae fungicides Angiospermae Thallophyta Plant production GLMM Agronomic factor Pesticides Parasitic rust Survival Fungicide Infection Resistance Weather Survey Regression model Seed Application method Spermatophyta Cultivar
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Summary:	Disease survey data from 4475 randomly selected crops of wheat from England and Wales during 1985-2000 showed that yellow rust was most prevalent in 1988, 1989, 1990, 1998 and 1999. Disease severity on the upper two leaves was low as >95% crops had received foliar fungicides. Factors affecting the presence or absence (incidence) of yellow rust were investigated using random effects logistic regression (general linear mixed model). This enabled crop management (risk) variables for individual crops to be combined with meteorological variables measured at the county level. Two models are presented that analysed the effect of host genotype on incidence either solely through yellow rust resistance rating (Model 1) or by including both resistance rating (fixed effect) and cultivar (fitted as a random term) (Model 2). In both models, the percentage of crops with yellow rust decreased with cultivar disease resistance ratings >=3, the occurrence of severe frosts (<-5°C), use of systemic seed treatment and application of foliar fungicide sprays. There were no significant effects (P < 0.05) of timing of fungicide sprays, previous cropping or summer weather. The use of risk variables associated with overwintering survival may help adjust fungicide inputs to seasonal risk.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00131.x ArticleID:AAB131 istex:0D445FF833796ADEA3A8B21638ECDC9EDD0B999C ark:/67375/WNG-K1RZ7KBN-M
ISSN:	0003-4746 1744-7348
DOI:	10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00131.x