Therapeutic and Adverse Effect of Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy in Melanoma: A Retrospective, Single-Institute Study of 222 Patients

The introduction of immuno- and targeted therapeutic modalities meant a breakthrough step in the therapy of melanoma. As a checkpoint inhibitor, the more effective and less toxic anti-PD1 therapy followed an anti-CTLA4 approach. From our patient pool, 222 advanced melanoma cases were selected, where...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Cancers Vol. 15; no. 15; p. 3966
Main Authors:	Eikenes, Grethe, Liszkay, Gabriella, Balatoni, Tímea, Czirbesz, Kata, Hunyadi, Karen, Kozéki, Zsófia, Kispál, Mihály Tamás, Baranyai, Fanni, Danyi, Tímea, Bőcs, Katalin, Kenessey, István
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 04-08-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	Brain research Cancer Care and treatment Complications and side effects CTLA-4 protein Disease Ethics Gene mutations Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immunotherapy Ipilimumab Medical research Medicine, Experimental Melanoma Metastasis Mortality Mutation Oncology Patients PD-1 protein Pembrolizumab Pneumonitis Side effects Survival analysis Vemurafenib Hungary melanoma anti-PD1 immune-related side effects therapy outcome
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Summary:	The introduction of immuno- and targeted therapeutic modalities meant a breakthrough step in the therapy of melanoma. As a checkpoint inhibitor, the more effective and less toxic anti-PD1 therapy followed an anti-CTLA4 approach. From our patient pool, 222 advanced melanoma cases were selected, where anti-PD1 (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) therapy was initiated between March 2015 and December 2020. During our retrospective analysis, the efficacy and safety of the therapy were assessed. The median follow-up was 16 months (interval: 0-64 months), and 150 patients (67.6%) received therapy in the first line, while second and third line therapy was performed among 72 patients (32.4%) for the median of 7.0 months (0-60). In 50 cases, BRAF mutations were detected. Ninety-six patients showed objective response (11.3% CR, 32.0% PR). The median PFS was 10.0 months (0-60), and the median OS was 23.0 months (0-64). Autoimmune side effects were found in 79 patients (35.5%); grade 3 occurred in 6.3% of the cases, while 1 patient died due to fulminant pneumonitis (0.25%). Although the range of immunotherapeutic options is getting wider, in the management of melanoma patients, anti-PD1 monotherapy remains an important, effective, and safe method. However, significant correlation was found between the immune-related side effects and therapeutic efficacy.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2072-6694 2072-6694
DOI:	10.3390/cancers15153966