Genome Streamlining in a Cosmopolitan Oceanic Bacterium

The SAR11 clade consists of very small, heterotrophic marine [alpha]-proteobacteria that are found throughout the oceans, where they account for about 25% of all microbial cells. Pelagibacter ubique, the first cultured member of this clade, has the smallest genome and encodes the smallest number of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 309; no. 5738; pp. 1242 - 1245
Main Authors:	Giovannoni, Stephen J, Tripp, H. James, Givan, Scott, Podar, Mircea, Vergin, Kevin L, Baptista, Damon, Bibbs, Lisa, Eads, Jonathan, Richardson, Toby H, Noordewier, Michiel, Rappé, Michael S, Short, Jay M, Carrington, James C, Mathur, Eric J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC American Association for the Advancement of Science 19-08-2005 The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Subjects:	Alphaproteobacteria - classification Alphaproteobacteria - genetics Alphaproteobacteria - isolation & purification Alphaproteobacteria - physiology Amino acids Archaea Bacteria Bacterial Proteins - genetics Bacterial Proteins - metabolism Bacteriology Base Composition Biological and medical sciences Biological Evolution Biosynthesis Carbon - metabolism Chemical synthesis Computational Biology DNA DNA, Bacterial - chemistry DNA, Bacterial - genetics DNA, Intergenic Enzymes Evolution Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes, Bacterial Genetics Genome, Bacterial Genomes Genomics Marine Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism Metabolism Microbiology Microorganisms Molecular Sequence Data Oceans Oceans and Seas Organic Chemistry Phosphates - metabolism Phylogeny Sea water Seawater - microbiology Selection, Genetic Sigma Factor - genetics Thymidylate Synthase - genetics Varieties Marine environment Bacteria Genome organization
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Summary:	The SAR11 clade consists of very small, heterotrophic marine [alpha]-proteobacteria that are found throughout the oceans, where they account for about 25% of all microbial cells. Pelagibacter ubique, the first cultured member of this clade, has the smallest genome and encodes the smallest number of predicted open reading frames known for a free-living microorganism. In contrast to parasitic bacteria and archaea with small genomes, P. ubique has complete biosynthetic pathways for all 20 amino acids and all but a few cofactors. P. ubique has no pseudogenes, introns, transposons, extrachromosomal elements, or inteins; few paralogs; and the shortest intergenic spacers yet observed for any cell.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	0036-8075 1095-9203
DOI:	10.1126/science.1114057