Outbreak of Pneumonia Associated with Emergent Human Adenovirus Serotype 14—Southeast Alaska, 2008

Background. In September 2008, an outbreak of pneumonia associated with an emerging human adenovirus (human adenovirus serotype 14 [HAdV-14]) occurred on a rural Southeast Alaska island. Nine patients required hospitalization, and 1 patient died. Methods. To investigate the outbreak, pneumonia case...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 202; no. 2; pp. 214 - 222
Main Authors:	Esposito, Douglas H., Gardner, Tracie J., Schneider, Eileen, Stockman, Lauren J., Tate, Jacqueline E., Panozzo, Catherine A., Robbins, Cheryl L., Jenkerson, Sue A., Thomas, Lorita, Watson, Colleen M., Curns, Aaron T., Erdman, Dean D., Lu, Xiaoyan, Cromeans, Theresa, Westcott, Mary, Humphries, Catherine, Ballantyne, Jayme, Fischer, Gayle E., McLaughlin, Joseph B., Armstrong, Gregory, Anderson, Larry J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford The University of Chicago Press 15-07-2010 University of Chicago Press Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Adenoviridae - classification Adenoviridae - genetics Adenoviridae - physiology Adenoviridae Infections - blood Adenoviridae Infections - epidemiology Adenoviridae Infections - immunology Adenoviruses Alaska - epidemiology Animals Biological and medical sciences Chaperonin 60 - blood Disease Outbreaks Diseases Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gamma Rays Genotype Heat-Shock Proteins - biosynthesis Heat-Shock Proteins - blood Hepatitis B Core Antigens - radiation effects Hepatitis B, Chronic - blood Hepatitis B, Chronic - genetics Human adenoviruses Humans Infections Infectious diseases Leukocytes, Mononuclear - immunology Leukocytes, Mononuclear - physiology Lymphocytes - immunology Male Mammals Medical sciences Microbiology Military recruitment Miscellaneous Pneumonia Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology Predisposing factors Respiratory diseases Serotyping Specimens T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - physiology T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - virology Virology Virus Replication VIRUSES Alaska United States North America America Virus Infection Lung disease Pneumonia Adenoviridae Respiratory disease Human adenovirus Mastadenovirus Serotype
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Summary:	Background. In September 2008, an outbreak of pneumonia associated with an emerging human adenovirus (human adenovirus serotype 14 [HAdV-14]) occurred on a rural Southeast Alaska island. Nine patients required hospitalization, and 1 patient died. Methods. To investigate the outbreak, pneumonia case patients were matched to control participants on the basis of age, sex, and community of residence. Participants in the investigation and their household contacts were interviewed, and serum samples and respiratory tract specimens were collected. Risk factors were evaluated by means of conditional logistic regression. Results. Among 32 pneumonia case patients, 21 (65%) had confirmed or probable HAdV-14 infection. None of 32 matched control participants had evidence of HAdV-14 infection (P < .001 for the difference). Factors independently associated with pneumonia included contact with a known HAdV-14–infected case patient (odds ratio [OR], 18.3 [95% confidence interval {CI}, ≥2.0]), current smoking (OR, 6.7 [95% CI, ≥0.9]), and having neither traveled off the island nor attended a large public gathering (OR, 14.7 [95% CI, ≥2.0]). Fourteen (67%) of 21 HAdV-14–positive case patients belonged to a single network of people who socialized and often smoked together and infrequently traveled off the island. HAdV-14 infection occurred in 43% of case-patient household contacts, compared with 5% of control-participant household contacts (P = .005) Conclusions. During a community outbreak in Alaska, HAdV-14 appeared to have spread mostly among close contacts and not widely in the community. Demographic characteristics and illness patterns among the case patients were similar to those observed in other recent outbreaks of HAdV-14 infection in the United States.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/HXZ-TVDZCJSR-N istex:3DBC4AB2C85B8871FF6430460F77D763141C5A46 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-1899 1537-6613
DOI:	10.1086/653498