A Cluster of Diutina catenulata Funguria in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalized in a Tertiary Reference Hospital from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

During the COVID-19 pandemic, fungal infections, especially pulmonary aspergillosis, mucormycosis, and invasive candidiasis, have emerged as a significant health concern. Beyond Candida albicans , the most common cause of invasive candidiasis, other rare ascomycetous yeast species have been describe...

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Published in:	Current microbiology Vol. 81; no. 10; p. 338
Main Authors:	Almeida-Paes, Rodrigo, Teixeira, Marcus de Melo, Oliveira, Fernanda Alves de, Almeida, Marcos de Abreu, Almeida-Silva, Fernando, Geraldo, Kim Mattos, Nunes, Estevão Portela, Baker, Bridget M., Stajich, Jason E., Grinsztejn, Beatriz, Veloso, Valdilea Gonçalves, Freitas, Andrea d’Avila, Zancopé-Oliveira, Rosely Maria
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-10-2024 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Adult Aged Antifungal Agents - pharmacology Antifungal Agents - therapeutic use Aspergillosis Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Brazil - epidemiology Candidiasis Clusters Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - microbiology COVID-19 vaccines Female Fluconazole Fungicides Gene sequencing Genetic analysis Genetic diversity Genomic analysis Health risks Humans Invasive species Life Sciences Male Microbial Sensitivity Tests Microbiology Middle Aged Mucormycosis Original Paper Pandemics Patients Phylogeny Rare species Saccharomycetales - classification Saccharomycetales - genetics Saccharomycetales - isolation & purification SARS-CoV-2 - drug effects SARS-CoV-2 - genetics Single-nucleotide polymorphism Tertiary Care Centers - statistics & numerical data Urine Viral diseases Whole Genome Sequencing Yeast Yeasts Brazil
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Summary:	During the COVID-19 pandemic, fungal infections, especially pulmonary aspergillosis, mucormycosis, and invasive candidiasis, have emerged as a significant health concern. Beyond Candida albicans , the most common cause of invasive candidiasis, other rare ascomycetous yeast species have been described in tertiary care units, potentially posing a broader health threat. We have isolated, from September 2020 to June 2021, nine Diutina catenulata strains from urine samples of six patients. This was intriguing as this fungus had not been previously identified in our institution, nor after June 2021. Therefore, we decided to outline the clinical features of the patients with this rare pathogen, to describe phenotypic characteristics, including antifungal susceptibility profiles, of this yeast species and to identify the genetic makeup through whole-genome sequencing analysis to evaluate if this was a cluster of genetically similar D. catenulata isolates in our institution. The strains were identified through MALDI-TOF MS analyses and Sanger sequencing of two rDNA regions. All patients yielding D. catenulata from urine samples needed ventilator support and used urinary catheters during hospitalization for treatment of COVID-19. None of them had received COVID-19 vaccines. Morphological and biochemical profiles of the nine strains were largely consistent, although fluconazole susceptibility varied, ranging from 4 to 32 μg/mL. Phylogenomic analysis revealed minimal genetic variation among the isolates, with low intrapopulation variation, supported by the identification of only 84 SNPs across all strains. Therefore, we propose that the yeast strains isolated were part of a cluster of D. catenulata funguria in the context of COVID-19.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0343-8651 1432-0991 1432-0991
DOI:	10.1007/s00284-024-03854-y