Transboundary spread of equine influenza viruses (H3N8) in West and Central Africa: Molecular characterization of identified viruses during outbreaks in Niger and Senegal, in 2019

Transboundary spread of equine influenza viruses (H3N8) in West and Central Africa: Molecular characterization of identified viruses during outbreaks in Niger and Senegal, in 2019

Since November 2018, several countries in West and Central Africa have reported mortalities in donkeys and horses. Specifically, more than 66,000 horses and donkeys have succumbed to disease in Burkina Faso, Chad, Cameroon, The Gambia, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal. Strangles caused by St...

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Published in:Transboundary and emerging diseases Vol. 68; no. 3; pp. 1253 - 1262
Main Authors: Diallo, Alpha Amadou, Souley, Maman Moutari, Issa Ibrahim, Abdoulkarim, Alassane, Abdou, Issa, Rahila, Gagara, Haladou, Yaou, Bachir, Issiakou, Abdou, Diop, Mariame, Ba Diouf, Racky Oumar, Lo, Fatou Tall, Lo, Modou Moustapha, Bakhoum, Thierno, Sylla, Mamadou, Seck, Momar Talla, Meseko, Clement, Shittu, Ismaila, Cullinane, Ann, Settypalli, Tirumala B. K., Lamien, Charles E., Dundon, William G., Cattoli, Giovanni
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin Hindawi Limited 01-05-2021
Subjects:
African horse sickness
donkeys
equine influenza virus
Exo-a-sialidase
H3N8
Hemagglutinins
Horses
Influenza
Niger
Outbreaks
phylogenetic analysis
Phylogeny
Senegal
Strangles
Viruses
Central Africa
Nigeria
Niger
Senegal
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Summary:Since November 2018, several countries in West and Central Africa have reported mortalities in donkeys and horses. Specifically, more than 66,000 horses and donkeys have succumbed to disease in Burkina Faso, Chad, Cameroon, The Gambia, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal. Strangles caused by Streptococcus equi subsp equi, African Horse Sickness (AHS) virus, and Equine influenza virus (EIV) were all suspected as potential causative agents. This study reports the identification of EIV in field samples collected in Niger and Senegal. Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed that the identified viruses belonged to clade 1 of the Florida sublineage and were very similar to viruses identified in Nigeria in 2019. Interestingly, they were also more similar to EIVs from recent outbreaks in South America than to those in Europe and the USA. This is one of the first reports providing detailed description and characterization of EIVs in West and Central Africa region.
Bibliography:Alpha Amadou Diallo and Maman Moutari Souley authors contribute equally.
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ISSN:1865-1674
1865-1682
DOI:10.1111/tbed.13779