Novel Theranostic Opportunities Offered by Characterization of Altered Membrane Lipid Metabolism in Breast Cancer Progression

Activation of lipid metabolism is an early event in carcinogenesis and a central hallmark of many cancers. However, the precise molecular composition of lipids in tumors remains generally poorly characterized. The aim of the present study was to analyze the global lipid profiles of breast cancer, in...

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Published in:	Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.) Vol. 71; no. 9; pp. 3236 - 3245
Main Authors:	HILVO, Mika, DENKERT, Carsten, BERG, Emilia, NYGREN, Heli, SYSI-AHO, Marko, GRIFFIN, Julian L, FIEHN, Oliver, LOIBL, Sibylle, RICHTER-EHRENSTEIN, Christiane, RADKE, Cornelia, HYÖTYLÄINEN, Tuulia, KALLIONIEMI, Olli, LEHTINEN, Laura, ILJIN, Kristiina, ORESIC, Matej, MÜLLE, Berit, BROCKRNÖLLE, Scarlet, SEPPÄNEN-LAAKSO, Tuulikki, BUDCZIES, Jan, BUCHET, Elmar, YETUKURI, Laxman, CASTILLO, Sandra
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Philadelphia, PA American Association for Cancer Research 01-05-2011
Subjects:	Antineoplastic agents Biological and medical sciences Breast Neoplasms - genetics Breast Neoplasms - metabolism Breast Neoplasms - pathology Cell Line, Tumor Cell Membrane - metabolism Disease Progression Fatty Acid Synthases - biosynthesis Fatty Acid Synthases - genetics Fatty Acid Synthases - metabolism Female Gene Expression Profiling Gene Silencing Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Humans Immunohistochemistry Lipid Metabolism - genetics Lipid Metabolism - physiology Mammary gland diseases Medical sciences Pharmacology. Drug treatments Phospholipids - metabolism Receptors, Estrogen - metabolism RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis RNA, Messenger - genetics Survival Rate Tumors Characterization Mammary gland diseases Breast disease Tumor progression Lipids Breast cancer Malignant tumor Pharmacokinetics Metabolism Theranostics Cancer
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Summary:	Activation of lipid metabolism is an early event in carcinogenesis and a central hallmark of many cancers. However, the precise molecular composition of lipids in tumors remains generally poorly characterized. The aim of the present study was to analyze the global lipid profiles of breast cancer, integrate the results to protein expression, and validate the findings by functional experiments. Comprehensive lipidomics was conducted in 267 human breast tissues using ultraperformance liquid chromatography/ mass spectrometry. The products of de novo fatty acid synthesis incorporated into membrane phospholipids, such as palmitate-containing phosphatidylcholines, were increased in tumors as compared with normal breast tissues. These lipids were associated with cancer progression and patient survival, as their concentration was highest in estrogen receptor-negative and grade 3 tumors. In silico transcriptomics database was utilized in investigating the expression of lipid metabolism related genes in breast cancer, and on the basis of these results, the expression of specific proteins was studied by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that several genes regulating lipid metabolism were highly expressed in clinical breast cancer samples and supported also the lipidomics results. Gene silencing experiments with seven genes [ACACA (acetyl-CoA carboxylase α), ELOVL1 (elongation of very long chain fatty acid-like 1), FASN (fatty acid synthase), INSIG1 (insulin-induced gene 1), SCAP (sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein), SCD (stearoyl-CoA desaturase), and THRSP (thyroid hormone-responsive protein)] indicated that silencing of multiple lipid metabolism-regulating genes reduced the lipidomic profiles and viability of the breast cancer cells. Taken together, our results imply that phospholipids may have diagnostic potential as well as that modulation of their metabolism may provide therapeutic opportunities in breast cancer treatment.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0008-5472 1538-7445 1538-7445
DOI:	10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-3894