Neuropeptide System Regulation of Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry: Implications for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Neuropeptide System Regulation of Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry: Implications for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Neuropeptides, a diverse class of signaling molecules in the nervous system, modulate various biological effects including membrane excitability, synaptic transmission and synaptogenesis, gene expression, and glial cell architecture and function. To date, most of what is known about neuropeptide act...

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Published in:Frontiers in neural circuits Vol. 16; p. 796443
Main Authors: Casello, Sanne M., Flores, Rodolfo J., Yarur, Hector E., Wang, Huikun, Awanyai, Monique, Arenivar, Miguel A., Jaime-Lara, Rosario B., Bravo-Rivera, Hector, Tejeda, Hugo A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 21-06-2022
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects:
Amino acids
Biosynthesis
Brain research
Central nervous system
Cholecystokinin
corticotropin-releasing factor
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Dynorphin
enkephalin
Enkephalins
Excitability
Gene expression
Glial cells
Mental disorders
Neural Circuits
Neurological diseases
Neuromodulation
Neuropeptide Y
Neuropeptides
Peptides
Prefrontal cortex
Proteins
Reviews
Somatostatin
Synaptic transmission
Synaptogenesis
Therapeutic applications
Therapeutic targets
Vasoactive agents
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
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Summary:Neuropeptides, a diverse class of signaling molecules in the nervous system, modulate various biological effects including membrane excitability, synaptic transmission and synaptogenesis, gene expression, and glial cell architecture and function. To date, most of what is known about neuropeptide action is limited to subcortical brain structures and tissue outside of the central nervous system. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in our understanding of neuropeptide function within cortical circuits. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of various families of neuropeptides and their cognate receptors that are expressed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Specifically, we highlight dynorphin, enkephalin, corticotropin-releasing factor, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, and vasoactive intestinal peptide. Further, we review the implication of neuropeptide signaling in prefrontal cortical circuit function and use as potential therapeutic targets. Together, this review summarizes established knowledge and highlights unknowns of neuropeptide modulation of neural function underlying various biological effects while offering insights for future research. An increased emphasis in this area of study is necessary to elucidate basic principles of the diverse signaling molecules used in cortical circuits beyond fast excitatory and inhibitory transmitters as well as consider components of neuropeptide action in the PFC as a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders. Therefore, this review not only sheds light on the importance of cortical neuropeptide studies, but also provides a comprehensive overview of neuropeptide action in the PFC to serve as a roadmap for future studies in this field.
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Edited by: Marsida Kallupi, University of California, San Diego, United States
Reviewed by: Daniel C. Castro, Washington University in St. Louis, United States; Boris Heifets, Stanford University, United States
ISSN:1662-5110
1662-5110
DOI:10.3389/fncir.2022.796443