Electrolytes imbalance caused by amikacin in patients receiving multi drug resistance- tuberculosis treatment at Hazara region Kpk, Pakistan

Multi drug resistance-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is considered amongst one of the fatal medical and public health issue. Greater frequency of adverse reactions has been observed using 2nd line antituberculosis drugs, which rises the rate of morbidity. Hypokalemia and hyponatremia are common in patients r...

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Published in:	Tüberküloz ve toraks Vol. 65; no. 3; pp. 193 - 201
Main Authors:	Jan, Faheem, Hassan, Mukhtiar, Muhammad, Naveed, Wali, Shahid, Akbar, Hafiz Sajid, Atta, Qazi Mashhood, Gul, Farzana
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Turkey 01-09-2017
Subjects:	Adult Amikacin Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage Antitubercular Agents - administration & dosage Antitubercular Agents - adverse effects Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use Drug Resistance, Multiple Drug Therapy, Combination Female Humans Hypokalemia - chemically induced Male Middle Aged Pakistan Potassium - blood Risk Factors Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - blood Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - drug therapy Water-Electrolyte Imbalance - chemically induced Young Adult
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Summary:	Multi drug resistance-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is considered amongst one of the fatal medical and public health issue. Greater frequency of adverse reactions has been observed using 2nd line antituberculosis drugs, which rises the rate of morbidity. Hypokalemia and hyponatremia are common in patients receiving MDR-TB treatment. This study was aimed to assess the effect of amikacin as multidrug resistance tuberculosis treatment on serum sodium and potassium level. A total 179 subjects (82 males and 97 females) were screened within the period of one year for their serum electrolyte levels before and during the treatment. Their body weight and sociodemographic characteristics were also taken into considerations. Data were expressed in the form of mean ± standard error using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Dunnett's test. All the statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism v. 6. The results showed that amikacin caused a significant (p< 0.05) hypokalemia when used in combination with other drugs having no known effect on serum potassium level which proved to be the side effect of amikacin. The average serum potassium level in both intensive and continuation phase was significantly lower (p< 0.05) than the baseline (3.73 mmol/L), however, in the continuation phase the potassium level (3.58 mmol/L) was slightly higher than that of intensive phase (3.54 mmol/L). The average serum sodium level in both phases; intensive and continuation, remained in steady state (137.25 mmol/L and 137.87 mmol/L respectively) throughout the study period as compared to the base line (135.5 mmol/L). The amikacin drug lowered serum potassium level but had no effect on sodium level. It is concluded that the serum electrolytes should be monitored during the course of treatment and corrected accordingly.
ISSN:	0494-1373
DOI:	10.5578/tt.54090