Cardiovascular Complications in Lupus Patients in the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with high morbidity. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and types of cardiovascular complications among patients with SLE in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia.Method: This study is retrospective record-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 15; no. 8; p. e43501
Main Authors:	Alhammadi, Nouf A, Alqahtani, Hanan, Alshahrani, Leinah H, Al Qahtani, Saif A, Al Qahtani, Amar A, Alharthi, Amnah, Asiri, Lama A, Abu Aqil, Mashael A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Palo Alto Cureus Inc 15-08-2023 Cureus
Subjects:	Cardiology Cardiovascular disease Epidemiology Internal Medicine Lupus Mortality Rheumatology Vein & artery diseases Saudi Arabia
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Summary:	Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with high morbidity. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and types of cardiovascular complications among patients with SLE in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia.Method: This study is retrospective record-based research conducted at Aseer Central Hospital in the Aseer region from 2020 to 2022. We conducted a comprehensive review of the medical records of patients.Results: Out of the 189 patients diagnosed with SLE, 18.0% (34 out of 189) experienced cardiovascular complications. Of the patients who experienced cardiovascular complications, around two-fifths (15/34) fell between 35 and 44 years (44.12%), females represented (31/34) 91.20%, the majority were nonsmokers (32/34) 94.0%, (6/32) 17.65% were diabetic, (17/34) 50.0% had hypertension, and (13/34) 38.24% had vasculitis. Pericarditis and myocarditis are seen in (5/34) 14.7% of each of the cases, endocarditis accounts for (4/34) 11.7% of the cases, a myocardial infarction occurs in (7/34) 20.6% of patients, coronary artery disease is prevalent in (14/34) 38.2% of cases, and valvular lesions at (5/34) 14.7%.Conclusions: Understanding the prevalence of cardiovascular complications in SLE patients is crucial for healthcare providers to tailor treatment plans and preventive measures to address this aspect of the disease.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2168-8184 2168-8184
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.43501