A Cross-Sectional Study of Age-Related Changes in Oral Function in Healthy Japanese Individuals

A Cross-Sectional Study of Age-Related Changes in Oral Function in Healthy Japanese Individuals

Oral function deterioration is related to a variety of factors, including aging, decline in activities of daily living, malnutrition, and cognitive decline. This cross-sectional study examined the effects of aging on oral function in healthy individuals. A retrospective study was conducted on 175 he...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 17; no. 4; p. 1376
Main Authors: Iyota, Kiyomi, Mizutani, Shinsuke, Oku, Saori, Asao, Misa, Futatsuki, Toshiko, Inoue, Ryosuke, Imai, Yuko, Kashiwazaki, Haruhiko
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20-02-2020
MDPI
Subjects:
Activities of daily living
Age groups
Aging
Cognitive ability
Cross-sectional studies
Dementia
Dementia disorders
Dentures
Dysphagia
Gender differences
Malnutrition
Mastication
Mucosa
Patients
Pressure
Questionnaires
Rehabilitation
Studies
Teeth
Tongue
University students
Japan
cross-sectional study
independent elderly
aging
oral function
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Summary:Oral function deterioration is related to a variety of factors, including aging, decline in activities of daily living, malnutrition, and cognitive decline. This cross-sectional study examined the effects of aging on oral function in healthy individuals. A retrospective study was conducted on 175 healthy, independent patients aged 40-89 years, without dementia and with ≥20 teeth, who visited a local dental clinic in Japan. Patients were compared with 92 university students aged 20-29 years. The seven criteria proposed by the Japanese Society of Gerodontology to diagnose "oral hypofunction" were observed and statistically analyzed. Compared with those in the control group, the degree of tongue coating was increased in the group aged over 80 years, occlusal force was decreased in the group aged 70-79 years, tongue motor function was decreased in the groups aged 60-69 years and older, and tongue pressure was decreased in the groups aged 70-79 years and older. Healthy, independent individuals maintained several oral function criteria across aging, including oral mucosal wetness, occlusal force, lip motor function, masticatory function, and swallowing function. Tongue motor function and tongue pressure decreased with aging, indicating that these may be rehabilitation targets.
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ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph17041376