Changes in ecosystem services from wetland loss and restoration: An ecosystem assessment of the Danube Delta (1960–2010)

•We examined effects of different land use policies on wetland ecosystem services.•The Danube Delta, one of Europe’s most outstanding wetlands was used as case study.•More over two thirds of ecosystem services declined over the 1960–2010 period.•Ongoing restoration projects have not yet reverted tre...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Ecosystem services Vol. 39; p. 100965
Main Authors:	Gómez-Baggethun, Erik, Tudor, Marian, Doroftei, Mihai, Covaliov, Silviu, Năstase, Aurel, Onără, Dalia-Florentina, Mierlă, Marian, Marinov, Mihai, Doroșencu, Alexandru-Cătălin, Lupu, Gabriel, Teodorof, Liliana, Tudor, Iuliana-Mihaela, Köhler, Berit, Museth, Jon, Aronsen, Eivind, Ivar Johnsen, Stein, Ibram, Orhan, Marin, Eugenia, Crăciun, Anca, Cioacă, Eugenia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-10-2019
Subjects:	Danube Delta Ecosystem assessment Restoration Romania Socio-environmental costs Wetlands Ecosystem assessment Danube Delta Romania Restoration Socio-environmental costs Wetlands
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Summary:	•We examined effects of different land use policies on wetland ecosystem services.•The Danube Delta, one of Europe’s most outstanding wetlands was used as case study.•More over two thirds of ecosystem services declined over the 1960–2010 period.•Ongoing restoration projects have not yet reverted trends in ecosystem service decline. Deltaic flood plains provide critically important ecosystem services, including food production, fresh water, flood control, nutrient cycling, spiritual values and opportunities for recreation. Despite growing recognition of their societal and ecological importance, deltaic flood plains are declining worldwide at alarming rates. Loss of wetland ecosystem services bears socio-environmental costs overlooked in land-use planning. Conversely, wetland restoration can deliver important long-term benefits. This paper examines effects of different land use policies on ecosystem services provided by the Danube Delta, one of Europe’s largest and most outstanding wetlands. First, we identify, characterize and measure the most important ecosystem services provided by the Danube Delta. Second, we assess trends between 1960 and 2010, contrasting periods of economic development (1960–1989) and ecological restoration (1990–2010). Our results indicate that i) the Danube Delta provides important services with benefits accrue from local communities to humanity at large, ii) that two thirds of the Delta’s ecosystem services have declined over the studied period and iii) that ongoing restoration efforts have so far been unable to reverse trends in ecosystem service decline. Benefits from ecological restoration policies are already becoming apparent, but at a scale not yet comparable to the costs from ecosystem decline incurred over previous decades.
ISSN:	2212-0416 2212-0416
DOI:	10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.100965