Evaluation of Immune Characteristics and Factors Associated with Immune Response following Hepatitis B Vaccination among Ghanaian Adolescents

Evaluation of Immune Characteristics and Factors Associated with Immune Response following Hepatitis B Vaccination among Ghanaian Adolescents

Background. WHO recommends HBV-negative babies in high-prevalence (8%) countries receive anti-HBV vaccination. Ghana initiated mass immunization in 2002, but concerns remain about vaccine effectiveness and long-term protection. We evaluated immune characteristics and factors following hepatitis B va...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in virology Vol. 2024; pp. 1 - 9
Main Authors: Asamoah Sakyi, Samuel, Badu Gyapong, Joseph, Krampah Aidoo, Ebenezer, Effah, Alfred, Koffie, Simon, Simon Olympio Mensah, Oscar, Arddey, Isaac, Boakye, Godwin, Opoku, Stephen, Amoani, Benjamin, Amadu Ngala, Robert
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Wiley 24-05-2024
Hindawi Limited
Subjects:
Adolescents
Antibodies
Antigens
Blood & organ donations
Body mass index
Cross-sectional studies
Cytokines
Enzymes
Ethnicity
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B surface antigen
Immune response
Infections
Interleukin 10
Interleukin 6
Liver cancer
Liver cirrhosis
Nkrumah, Kwame (1909-1972)
Seroconversion
Statistical analysis
Teenagers
Vaccine efficacy
Vaccines
China
Ghana
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background. WHO recommends HBV-negative babies in high-prevalence (8%) countries receive anti-HBV vaccination. Ghana initiated mass immunization in 2002, but concerns remain about vaccine effectiveness and long-term protection. We evaluated immune characteristics and factors following hepatitis B vaccination among Ghanaian adolescents who received HBV vaccines. Methods. In this longitudinal cross-sectional study, 74 participants were enrolled from the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of participants were obtained using a questionnaire. Blood samples were obtained before and after booster administration for anti-HBsAg, IL-6, and IL-10 estimations using ELISA kit (Shanghai Chemical Ltd., China). Anti-HBsAg titers ≥10 mIU/ml were considered protective. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 26.0 and R programming language, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. We found 100% seroconversion rate, with 25.7% seroprotection rate (anti-HBsAg >10 mIU/ml). Gender (p=0.009), age (p=0.001), and exercising (p=0.044) were significantly associated with seroprotection. Following booster administration, 59.4% were hyporesponders (10 ≤ anti-HBsAg titre ≤99 mIU/ml) whilst 40.6% were good responders (anti-HBsAg titre ≥100 mIU/ml). Exercise (p=0.034) was significantly associated with immune response after booster administration. Moreover, we reported significant positive correlation between cytokines [IL-6 (r = 0.817, p<0.001) and IL-10 (r = 0.928, p<0.001)] and anti-HBsAg titre. Conclusion. Approximately two thirds of adolescents vaccinated at birth lack protective levels of antibodies against hepatitis B virus. Booster vaccines could aid in mounting protective levels of anti-HBsAg. Physical exercise was negatively associated with immune response to hepatitis B vaccinations.
ISSN:1687-8639
1687-8647
DOI:10.1155/2024/9502939