The effect of oak tannin (Quercus robur) and hops (Humulus lupulus) on dietary nitrogen efficiency, methane emission, and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows fed a low-protein diet including linseed

The effect of oak tannin (Quercus robur) and hops (Humulus lupulus) on dietary nitrogen efficiency, methane emission, and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows fed a low-protein diet including linseed

The objective of this study was to test the effects of inclusion of hop pellets (HP) and oak tannin extracts (OT) alone or in combination on N efficiency, methane (CH ) emission, and milk production and composition in 2 experiments with dairy cows fed low-N rations supplemented with linseed. In both...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dairy science Vol. 102; no. 2; p. 1144
Main Authors: Focant, M, Froidmont, E, Archambeau, Q, Dang Van, Q C, Larondelle, Y
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01-02-2019
Subjects:
Animals
Cattle
Diet - veterinary
Diet, Protein-Restricted - veterinary
Dietary Supplements - analysis
Fatty Acids - analysis
Female
Fermentation
Flax
Humulus - chemistry
Lactation - drug effects
Linseed Oil - administration & dosage
Methane - metabolism
Milk - chemistry
Nitrogen - metabolism
Plant Extracts - administration & dosage
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Quercus - chemistry
Tannins - administration & dosage
methane
hops
milk fatty acids
oak tannin
nitrogen efficiency
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Summary:The objective of this study was to test the effects of inclusion of hop pellets (HP) and oak tannin extracts (OT) alone or in combination on N efficiency, methane (CH ) emission, and milk production and composition in 2 experiments with dairy cows fed low-N rations supplemented with linseed. In both experiments, 6 lactating Holstein cows were assigned to 3 dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 duplicated Latin square design (21-d periods). Cows were fed a total mixed ration at a restricted level to meet their nutrient requirements. In experiment 1, 169 g dry matter (DM) of OT or 56 g DM of HP was included separately in the control diet (C1). In experiment 2, the additives were included together (OT-HP) in the control diet (C2) similar to C1. Diet C2 was compared with a control without linseed (C0). In experiment 1, the supplementation of the control diet with OT decreased urinary N excretion by 12%. In experiment 2, the combination of OT and HP decreased urinary N by 7%. Oak tannin extracts and HP alone or in combination did not influence the daily enteric CH production of cows. Cows fed diet C0 produced 17% more enteric CH daily than those fed diet C2. Intake of diet C2, which contained 6.7% extruded linseed on a DM basis (experiment 2), decreased the sum of 6:0 to 14:0 fatty acids (-16%) and palmitic acid (-26%) and increased the stearic acid (+50%), oleic acid (+36%), vaccenic acid (trans-11 18:1; +285%), rumenic acid (cis-9,trans-11 18:2; +235%), and α-linolenic acid (+100%) in milk fat. The supplementation of diet C2 with the OT-HP mixture further improved the milk's fatty acid composition. Intake of the OT alone increased α-linolenic acid by 17.7% (experiment 1). The results of this study show that at the economically acceptable dose we tested, hops had no effect on urinary N excretion, CH emission, milk production, and milk composition. By contrast, supplementation of diets with oak tannin extract can be considered for reducing urinary N excretion. The combination of oak tannin and hops had no more effect than oak tannin alone except on the milk fatty acid profile, which was favorably influenced from a nutritional point of view.
ISSN:1525-3198
DOI:10.3168/jds.2018-15479