Antenatal exposure to antidepressant drugs and the risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review

This study investigated whether antenatal exposure to antidepressants (ADs) increases the risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia and other mental illnesses, and cognitive and developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. P...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Cadernos de saúde pública Vol. 36; no. 2; p. e00026619
Main Authors:	Araujo, Jessica Salvador Areias de, Delgado, Isabella Fernandes, Paumgartten, Francisco José Roma
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Brazil Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz 2020 Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Subjects:	antidepresivos depresión embarazo PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH trastorno del espectro autista trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade Depressão Autism Spectrum Disorders Antidepresivos Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Depression Trastorno del Espectro Autista Antidepressivos Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad Pregnancy Transtorno do Espectro Autista Embarazo Antidepressant Drugs Depresión Gravidez
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Summary:	This study investigated whether antenatal exposure to antidepressants (ADs) increases the risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia and other mental illnesses, and cognitive and developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. PubMed, EMBASE, BIREME/BVS databases were searched to identify studies examining associations of ADs in pregnancy with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Twenty studies addressed ASD and/or ADHD risks while 30 focused on developmental and cognitive deficits in infants or preschool children. Most studies detected no association of antenatal AD with ASD after adjustment of risk ratios for maternal depression or psychiatric disorders. Some studies showed that maternal depression, regardless of whether it is treated or untreated, increased ASD risks. Seven out of 8 studies found no increase in ADHD risk associated with antenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the most commonly used AD. No consistent evidence was found linking AD in pregnancy to neurocognitive developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. A residual confounding by indication (depression severity) remained in almost all studies. This systematic review found no consistent evidence suggesting that ADs in pregnancy increase risks of ASD, ADHD, and neurocognitive development deficits. Some studies, however, found evidence that maternal depression increases ASD risks.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Undefined-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	0102-311X 1678-4464 1678-4464
DOI:	10.1590/0102-311X00026619