Clinical presentation and renal evaluation of human visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar): a retrospective study of 57 patients in Brazil

Clinical presentation and renal evaluation of human visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar): a retrospective study of 57 patients in Brazil

Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by various species of Leishmania. We made a retrospective study of 57 consecutive patients with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Patients with visceral leishmaniasis were identified using the registries of the São José Infectious Diseases Hospital...

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Published in:The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases Vol. 12; no. 4; pp. 329 - 332
Main Authors: Daher, Elizabeth F, Evangelista, Leandro F, Silva Júnior, Geraldo B, Lima, Rafael S A, Aragão, Eveline B, Arruda, Germana A J C, Galeano, Noemi M F, Mota, Rosa M S, Oliveira, Rodrigo A, Silva, Sônia L
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Brazil Contexto 01-08-2008
Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
Elsevier
Subjects:
Acute Kidney Injury - diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - parasitology
acute renal failure
Adult
Amphotericin B
Amphotericin B - therapeutic use
Animals
Antiprotozoal Agents - therapeutic use
Causes of
Creatinine
Diagnosis
Drug therapy
Female
Health aspects
Humans
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Kala-azar
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - complications
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - drug therapy
Male
Measurement
Meglumine - therapeutic use
Organometallic Compounds - therapeutic use
Retrospective Studies
symptoms
Ureohydrolases - blood
Visceral leishmaniasis
Brazil
symptoms
acute renal failure
Visceral leishmaniasis
kala-azar
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Summary:Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by various species of Leishmania. We made a retrospective study of 57 consecutive patients with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Patients with visceral leishmaniasis were identified using the registries of the São José Infectious Diseases Hospital. The sample was divided into two groups: patients with serum creatinine (Scr) <1.3mg/dL and Scr > or = 1.3mg/dL. We compared these two groups for differences in clinical manifestations and laboratory features. Patients' mean age was 28 +/- 18 years old; 74% were male. The main clinical symptoms and signs presented in the initial evaluation were: fever (97%), splenomegaly (96.4%), weight loss (95.5%), pallor (93.6%), cough (89.7%), hepatomegaly (87.2%), asthenia (83.3%), anorexia (82.9%) and vomiting (73.9%). Acute renal failure was found in 15 patients (26.3%) and eight of these patients had ARF before amphotericin B administration. The mean age was higher in the group with Scr > or =1.3mg/dL. Death occurred in three cases; all deaths occurred with Scr > or =1.3mg/dL. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of the clinical symptoms and signs between the two groups. The laboratory data and demographic characteristics were significantly worse in the Scr > or =1.3mg/dL group. Renal dysfunction is an important feature of this disease; it is associated with important morbidity and can increase mortality.
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ISSN:1413-8670
1678-4391
1678-4391
1413-8670
DOI:10.1590/S1413-86702008000400015