Human sperm displays rapid responses to diet

The global rise in obesity and steady decline in sperm quality are two alarming trends that have emerged during recent decades. In parallel, evidence from model organisms shows that paternal diet can affect offspring metabolic health in a process involving sperm tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA). Here,...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PLoS biology Vol. 17; no. 12; p. e3000559
Main Authors:	Nätt, Daniel, Kugelberg, Unn, Casas, Eduard, Nedstrand, Elizabeth, Zalavary, Stefan, Henriksson, Pontus, Nijm, Carola, Jäderquist, Julia, Sandborg, Johanna, Flinke, Eva, Ramesh, Rashmi, Örkenby, Lovisa, Appelkvist, Filip, Lingg, Thomas, Guzzi, Nicola, Bellodi, Cristian, Löf, Marie, Vavouri, Tanya, Öst, Anita
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 01-12-2019 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Adult Biology and Life Sciences Clinical Medicine Clustering Diet Diet - methods Gynecology Health Sciences Hematology Human behavior Humans Hälsovetenskap Intervention Investigations Klinisk medicin Laboratories Leukemia Male Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Medicine and Health Sciences Metabolic response Metabolism Mitochondria Motility Neurobiology Neurosciences Nutrition Nutrition and Dietetics Nutrition research Näringslära Obesity Obesity - metabolism Obstetrics Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine Offspring Precision medicine Quality Reproductive health Reproduktionsmedicin och gynekologi Research and Analysis Methods RNA - drug effects RNA - genetics RNA, Transfer - drug effects RNA, Transfer - genetics rRNA Software Sperm Sperm Motility - drug effects Sperm Motility - physiology Spermatozoa - drug effects Spermatozoa - metabolism Spermatozoa - physiology Stem cells Sugar Supervision tRNA Sweden Spain
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	The global rise in obesity and steady decline in sperm quality are two alarming trends that have emerged during recent decades. In parallel, evidence from model organisms shows that paternal diet can affect offspring metabolic health in a process involving sperm tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA). Here, we report that human sperm are acutely sensitive to nutrient flux, both in terms of sperm motility and changes in sperm tsRNA. Over the course of a 2-week diet intervention, in which we first introduced a healthy diet followed by a diet rich in sugar, sperm motility increased and stabilized at high levels. Small RNA-seq on repeatedly sampled sperm from the same individuals revealed that tsRNAs were up-regulated by eating a high-sugar diet for just 1 week. Unsupervised clustering identified two independent pathways for the biogenesis of these tsRNAs: one involving a novel class of fragments with specific cleavage in the T-loop of mature nuclear tRNAs and the other exclusively involving mitochondrial tsRNAs. Mitochondrial involvement was further supported by a similar up-regulation of mitochondrial rRNA-derived small RNA (rsRNA). Notably, the changes in sugar-sensitive tsRNA were positively associated with simultaneous changes in sperm motility and negatively associated with obesity in an independent clinical cohort. This rapid response to a dietary intervention on tsRNA in human sperm is attuned with the paternal intergenerational metabolic responses found in model organisms. More importantly, our findings suggest shared diet-sensitive mechanisms between sperm motility and the biogenesis of tsRNA, which provide novel insights about the interplay between nutrition and male reproductive health.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1545-7885 1544-9173 1545-7885
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pbio.3000559