Treatment of Produced Water Using Prepared Activated Carbon-Based Sewage Sludge

Treatment of Produced Water Using Prepared Activated Carbon-Based Sewage Sludge

Removal of organic pollutants and metal ions from produced water by adsorption, using prepared activated carbon (AC) from sewage sludge, with chemical activations using NaOH, KOH and ZnCl2 separately and pyrolysis at different temperatures (500, 600 and 700 °C). Pure sludge and prepared ACs were ana...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Separations Vol. 10; no. 10; p. 519
Main Authors: Al Dawery, Salam K., Al-Sawai, Maroa K., Al Muzami, Ghatara M. S., Annamareddy, Sri Hari K., Al Dawari, Muataz S., Harharah, Ramzi H., Harharah, Hamed N., Amari, Abdelfattah
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-10-2023
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Backup software
Cadmium
Crystallinity
Dosage
Energy consumption
Exothermic reactions
Fourier transforms
Functional groups
Gases
Manganese
Metals
Oil sands
Petroleum production
Pollutants
produced water
Pyrolysis
Radiation
Sewage sludge
Sludge
Temperature
Water pollution
Zinc chloride
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Summary:Removal of organic pollutants and metal ions from produced water by adsorption, using prepared activated carbon (AC) from sewage sludge, with chemical activations using NaOH, KOH and ZnCl2 separately and pyrolysis at different temperatures (500, 600 and 700 °C). Pure sludge and prepared ACs were analyzed using FTIR and XRD. The results showed 18% crystallinity compared to that of commercial AC, which has 44% crystallinity. The results of FTIR demonstrate that the properties of the post-treated affect the final products depending on the method used and that it contains similar functional groups to those present in the commercial AC, but at a higher peak intensity. Adsorption treatments were carried out at 25, 35 and 45 °C solution temperatures. The results showed that the removal of pollutants from produced water using prepared AC with all types of chemical activations reached 99.5%, such as commercial AC with 0.06 g dosage of adsorbent at pyrolysis temperatures of 500 and 600 °C and a solution temperature of 25 °C. The obtained results refer to the mechanism of exothermic reaction and physical adsorption. It was observed that despite the lower dosage of adsorbent of 0.01 g, a sufficient treatment of pollutants was achieved. This reveals the effectiveness of using sewage sludge as a cheap adsorbent. Also, using pure sewage sludge, the adsorption data showed a 95.2% removal of the pollutants. This result indicated that pure sludge has an efficient adsorption capacity and can be utilized as a cheap and environmentally friendly material. For the removal of manganese and cadmium metal ions from the produced water, the resultant data showed that more than 90% of manganese was adsorbed and more than 97% of cadmium was adsorbed, especially when using pure sewage sludge and prepared activated carbon with NaOH chemical activation at pyrolysis temperatures of 500 °C and 600 °C.
ISSN:2297-8739
2297-8739
DOI:10.3390/separations10100519