Quantification and characterization of the municipal solid waste for sustainable waste management in newly formed municipalities of Nepal

This study was conducted to set up a new reference line for municipal solid waste quantification and characterization in the least urbanized cities of a developing nation. A survey was run to collect baseline data from 60 new municipalities of Nepal. The study covered a sample size of 3300 household...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Waste management & research Vol. 38; no. 9; pp. 1007 - 1018
Main Authors:	Pathak, Dhundi Raj, Mainali, Bandita, Abuel-Naga, Hossam, Angove, Micheal, Kong, Ing
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London, England SAGE Publications 01-09-2020 Sage Publications Ltd
Subjects:	Developing countries Expenditures Geographical distribution Geographical locations Household wastes Households LDCs Leather Metals Municipal solid waste Municipal waste management Municipalities Organic wastes Paper products Per capita Polymers Population number Solid waste management Sustainable waste management Textiles Urbanization Waste management Nepal institutional waste urban household waste geographic region Municipal solid waste commercial waste
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Summary:	This study was conducted to set up a new reference line for municipal solid waste quantification and characterization in the least urbanized cities of a developing nation. A survey was run to collect baseline data from 60 new municipalities of Nepal. The study covered a sample size of 3300 households, 600 institutions and 600 commercial establishments in those municipalities. The municipalities were further stratified according to geographical location, the degree of urbanization, household expenditure and population size to assess the influence on waste generation. The results indicated that the average per capita household waste generation is 115 g day-1 while the average total municipal waste generation was estimated to be 180 g day-1 per capita.The study also revealed that size of municipal population, geographic location, household expenditure and degree of urbanization were found to have a significant influence on the unit waste generation. The larger the size of municipal population the higher the per capita household waste generation, degree of urbanization and per capita waste production. Increasing household expenditure revealed an increase in the unit waste generation. The waste categories included organic waste, plastics, paper and paper products, textiles, rubber and leather, metals, glass, and others. The results indicated that organic waste dominated the characterization (62%), followed by plastics (12%) and paper/paper products (11%).
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0734-242X 1096-3669
DOI:	10.1177/0734242X20922588